"Several Common Acids" Acids and Bases PPT Courseware 2

Description

"Several Common Acids" Acids and Bases PPT Courseware 2

Knowledge review

Knowledge point 1: Properties of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid

1. Concentrated hydrochloric acid is volatile and can form _____ in the air, which is corrosive.

2. Concentrated sulfuric acid is easily soluble in water and has _____, ____ and corrosive properties.

[Note] ①When diluting concentrated sulfuric acid, be sure to slowly pour the concentrated sulfuric acid into the water along the wall of the vessel and stir continuously. The reason is that when concentrated sulfuric acid dissolves in water, it will release a lot of heat, causing the liquid to splash around, causing danger.

②Because concentrated sulfuric acid is water-absorbent, it is often used as a desiccant in laboratories.

③ Concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid stored in the open. Concentrated hydrochloric acid reduces its mass due to its volatility, and concentrated sulfuric acid increases its mass due to its water absorption, so they must be sealed and stored.

Knowledge point 2: Chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid

Since hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid can dissociate into the same ____ in aqueous solution, their chemical properties are similar.

① Function with acid-base indicator

②React with active metals to generate hydrogen gas

③React with metal oxides to generate salt and water

④Reacts with alkali to form salt and water

⑤Reaction with certain salts

Purpose

Chemical products, rust removal; gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, which can aid digestion

Chemical raw materials; production of fertilizers, pesticides, gunpowder; rust removal, refining petroleum

[Attention]

Concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid have strong oxidizing properties and do not generate hydrogen gas when reacting with metals.

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Update Time: 2024-11-16

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Beijing Curriculum Reform Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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