"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 2

"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 2

1. Construction of Beijing City and the Great Wall

1.Beijing City

(1) Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty moved the capital to Beijing and expanded the city of Beijing on the basis of the capital city of the Yuan Dynasty

(2) Beijing city consists of three parts: the palace city, the imperial city and the capital city.

(3) The Qing Dynasty still established its capital in Beijing, and the Forbidden City became the highest center of power.

The Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, is located in the center of Beijing. Today people call her the Forbidden City, which means the imperial palace of the past.

It is a treasure in the architectural forest of our country and the world.

2. Great Wall of Ming Dynasty

(1) Purpose: To strengthen northern border defense

(2) Start and end: from Jiayuguan in the west to Yalu River in the east

The Great Wall is an extremely majestic military defense construction project in ancient my country and the largest construction project in the world.

From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the end of the Ming Dynasty, more than 20 vassal states and dynasties built the Great Wall. Among them, the Great Wall built in the Qin, Han, and Ming dynasties all exceeded 10,000 miles. If the Great Wall built in all dynasties were added together, the total length would exceed 100,000 miles, which can roughly circle the earth's equator more than once. It has been listed as one of the wonders of the world.

2. Great achievements in practical science and technology

Li Shizhen’s postcard

1. Name: Li Shizhen

2. Living era: Ming Dynasty

3. Identity: Medical scientist

4. Representative work: "Compendium of Materia Medica"

1. Li Shizhen and "Compendium of Materia Medica"

(1) Content:

1800 kinds of medicines have been recorded;

Contains more than 11,000 prescriptions;

Attached are more than 1,100 pictures of drug forms;

The book provides new classifications of various drugs

(2) Meaning:

It is a summary of China’s medical achievements before the 16th century and an important work on botany;

It has been translated into many languages ​​and spread all over the world;

Known as the "Masterpiece of Oriental Medicine" by Western countries

Xu Guangqi postcard

1. Name: Xu Guangqi

2. Living era: late Ming Dynasty

3. Identity: Scientist

4. Representative work: "The Complete Book of Agricultural Affairs"

2.Xu Guangqi and "The Complete Book of Agricultural Affairs"

Summarized the experience of ancient agricultural production in my country;

Describes the theories of agronomy and methods of growing crops and making agricultural tools;

Discussed the importance of reclaiming wasteland, constructing water conservancy projects, and preparing for wasteland and disaster relief;

Introduction to European water conservancy methods

Song Yingxing postcard

1. Name: Song Yingxing

2. Living era: Late Ming and early Qing Dynasty

3. Identity: Scientist

4. Representative work: "Tiangong opens things"

3. Song Yingxing and "Tiangong Kaiwu"

(1) Content:

It describes in detail the production technology and production process of ancient Chinese agriculture and handicraft industry, and is equipped with a large number of illustrations.

(2) Meaning:

It reflects many of my country's world-advanced production technologies and experiences at that time. It was later translated into many languages ​​and is known as "China's 17th-century craft encyclopedia."

3. The prosperity of popular literature and art

1. Novel

2. Opera

Kunqu Opera: Produced in the Kunshan area of ​​Jiangsu Province in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, it has elegant lyrics and melodious singing. It is one of the oldest existing opera types in China and even the world.

Peking Opera

In the last years of Qianlong's reign: the four major Anhui troupes came to Beijing

Early 19th century: The formation of Peking Opera

During the Qianlong period, various local operas were staged in the Beijing theater scene, and a hundred flowers bloomed. After the four major Anhui troupes (Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai, and Hechun) came to Beijing, they quickly adapted to the needs of Beijing audiences. At the same time, It absorbed the advantages of other local dramas, especially the Han opera in Hubei, and carried out artistic innovation. During the Tongzhi and Guangxu years, Peking Opera was formed. It has become the most representative drama in our country.

Suitang quiz

1.The eastern end of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty started from ( )

A. Yalu River B. Liaodong C. Shanhaiguan D. Jiayu Pass

2. What foreign scholars call the "Encyclopedia of Chinese Crafts in the 17th Century" is ( )

A. "Mengxi Bi Tan" B. "Essential Techniques for Elevating the People"

C. "Tiangong opens things" D. "Encyclopedia of Agricultural Affairs"

3. The earliest full-length historical novel in my country is ( )

A. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" B. "Journey to the West"

C. "Water Margin" D. "A Dream of Red Mansions"

4. There is a work in the history of Chinese literature that is called the peak of classical novels. The book describes the decline of the four feudal families of Jia, Wang, Shi and Xue, revealing the historical trend of the inevitable collapse of feudal society. It creates a typical character with distinctive personality. The following characters come from this work ( )

A. Dou E B. Sun Wukong C. Li Kui D. Lin Daiyu

5. Peking Opera is a representative of Chinese classic culture. Peking Opera was formed in ( )

A.Mid 18th century B.Late 18th century C.Early 19th century D.Late 19th century

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"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 3:

"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware 3 1. The construction of Beijing City and the Great Wall 1. A masterpiece of world urban architectural art: Beijing City 2. One of the great projects in the world: The Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty 2. The greatness of practical science and technology...

"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware:

"Scientific and technological achievements and the prosperity of popular literature and art" Economic and cultural development and China on the eve of modern times PPT courseware Learning objectives 1. Understand the construction of the Great Wall and the construction of Beijing City in the Ming Dynasty, and appreciate the great cohesion and creativity of the Chinese nation. 2. Understand the outstanding scientific and technological masterpieces of the Ming Dynasty..