"Russian October Revolution" Exploration of the Soviet Socialist Road PPT Courseware 6

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"Russian October Revolution" Exploration of the Soviet Socialist Road PPT Courseware 6

The historical background of the February Revolution

Material 1: No country has suffered as severely from the suffering and pain of war as Russia. —Lenin

Material 2: During World War I, 15 million adult men in Russia were conscripted into the army, and 2 million horses were conscripted for military use. However, the Russian army suffered successive defeats on the front line, with millions of casualties; nearly half of the population was lost due to agriculture. The labor force, a large amount of farmland was deserted, and food production dropped sharply; the war also caused a large number of Russian companies to close down, the country was in debt, and the economy was on the verge of collapse; material shortages, food shortages, and people suffered from hunger and cold. Workers, farmers, soldiers and intellectuals hated the tsarist government deeply, and class contradictions were extremely acute.

What problem does the material illustrate?

The First World War intensified social contradictions in Russia.

1. The dawn of a new era:

1. February Revolution

Background: World War I brought severe suffering to the Russian people

Time: March 1917

Main force: workers, soldiers

Result: The tsarist autocratic rule was overthrown, and two regimes coexisted.

Nature: bourgeois democratic revolution

Policies pursued by the bourgeois provisional government

Externally: continue the imperialist war;

Internally: Trying to extinguish the revolutionary flames in the country.

About Lenin

Born in a teacher's family in 1870, he was smart and lively when he was young. In middle school, he won a gold medal for his excellent conduct and academic performance.

At the age of 17, he entered the law department of the university. In the first semester of school, he was arrested for participating in the student movement and was expelled from the school.

At the age of 18, he joined a Marxist group. From then on, Lenin's name was closely linked with the Russian Revolution.

In 1903, at the congress of the newly established Russian Social Democratic Labor Party, when the party's leadership was elected, people who supported Lenin accounted for the majority. In Russian, Bolshevik means the majority. From then on, the proletarian party headed by Lenin The Bolshevik Party was born.

Think about it: What factors do you think led to the outbreak of the October Revolution?

The October Revolution broke out in Russia because: it was an imperialist country with an underdeveloped economy. After the February Revolution, the provisional government continued to implement the domestic and foreign policies of the tsarist government, and there was also the impact of World War I.

In addition to what you said, it should also include: Lenin and the Bolshevik Party adopted correct principles and policies, and the strength of the Russian working class is relatively concentrated.

(1) After the February Revolution, the provisional government continued to implement the domestic and foreign policies of the tsarist government;

(2) The impact of World War I;

(3) Lenin and the Bolshevik Party adopted correct principles and policies;

(4) The power of the Russian working class is relatively concentrated, etc.

2. Petrograd Armed Uprising (October Revolution)

The purpose of the uprising was to overthrow the bourgeois provisional government

Occurrence time: the night of November 6th to 7th, 1917

Influence: It opened the prelude to the socialist revolution in Russia, and Soviet regimes were established in various places.

Results On November 7, the Winter Palace was captured, marking the victory of the Petrograd armed uprising.

Why did the Petrograd armed uprising succeed?

Contradictions intensify in Russian society

the correct leadership of the Bolshevik Party, headed by Lenin;

Gain support from the people

3. Consolidate the new Soviet power

Dilemma:

Internal: Severe economic damage, domestic counter-revolutionary rebellion

External: The war is not over yet, imperialist armed intervention

measure:

1. Politics: 1. Establish a new type of proletarian political power;

2. Economy: ① Nationalize banks, railways and large industrial enterprises, and implement workers’ supervision of enterprises;

② Promulgate the "Land Decree", confiscate the land of landlords, royal families and temples, and distribute it to farmers for farming;

3. Diplomacy: negotiate peace with Germany and Austria-Hungary, and withdraw from World War I;

4. Military: Through the three-year civil war from 1918 to 1920, foreign armed intervention and domestic counter-revolutionary rebellion were crushed.

2. The historical significance of the victory of the October Revolution

1. It is the first victorious socialist revolution in human history (nature)

2. The world’s first socialist country was born (domestic)

3. The victory of the October Revolution dealt a heavy blow to imperialist colonial rule, promoted the development of the international socialist movement, and inspired the liberation struggles of the people in colonies and semi-colonies. (internationality)

The October Revolution ushered in a new era in human history and was the beginning of modern world history.

Thinking: Try to compare the ways in which the Russian Revolution and the Chinese Revolution achieved victory? Any inspiration?

China: It adopts rural areas to surround cities and seize power with armed force;

Russia: It adopted riots in central cities and seized power with arms.

Central cities - small and medium-sized towns - rural areas

The "Road of Encircling the Cities with the Rural Areas" of the Chinese Revolution

Inspiration: Marxism-Leninism must be combined with China's specific practice to achieve victory (starting from national conditions and seeking truth from facts)

1. What the Russian February Revolution overthrew was

A． Tsarist autocracy b. bourgeois provisional government

C. Feudal serfdom D. constitutional monarchy

2. The main difference between the October Revolution and previous revolutions is ( )

A． A sign of the beginning of a new historical period

B． Established a brand new socio-political and economic system

C. A social revolution with broad participation of the people

D. a social revolution that overthrew the old ruling class

3. After the October Socialist Revolution in Russia, the most popular measures implemented by the Soviet government were ( )

A． Establish a new type of proletarian political power

B． Promulgation of the Land Act

C. Announcing withdrawal from World War I

D. State-owned banks, railways and large enterprises

digression

The Russian October Socialist Revolution opened up a new historical trend in human history, turned socialist ideals into reality, broke the situation of capitalism dominating the world; and forged the all-powerful Soviet Union, which dominated the world, and the Soviet Union was also in World War II It has played a huge historical role and made indelible historical contributions.

The Soviet Union collapsed due to many factors.

Nowadays, there are only a few socialist countries, and most of their comprehensive national strength is not as good as that of Western capitalist countries.

So, what do you think of the development path of socialism?

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