"Russian October Revolution" Exploration of the Soviet Socialist Road PPT Courseware 2

"Russian October Revolution" Exploration of the Soviet Socialist Road PPT Courseware 2

During the First World War, 15 million adult men in Russia were conscripted into the army, and 2 million horses were conscripted for military use. However, the Russian army suffered successive defeats on the front line, with millions of casualties; due to the loss of nearly half of the labor force in agriculture, a large number of Farmland was deserted and food production dropped sharply; the war also caused a large number of Russian companies to close down, the country was in debt, and the economy was on the verge of collapse; material scarcity, food shortages, and people suffered from hunger and cold. Workers, farmers, soldiers and intellectuals hated the tsarist government deeply, and class contradictions were extremely acute. (In the two years after World War I, the Tsarist Russian government changed 4 prime ministers, 6 interior ministers, 3 foreign ministers, and 3 defense ministers.) For this reason, the February Revolution broke out in Russia.

February Revolution (March 1917)

Reason: World War I intensified various contradictions in Russian society

Nature: bourgeois democratic revolution

As a result, the feudal rule of the Tsar was overthrown, creating a situation where two political powers existed side by side.

Policies pursued by the bourgeois provisional government

Internally: Trying to extinguish the revolutionary flames in the country.

Externally: continue the imperialist war;

Explain that the Provisional Government is the power of the bourgeoisie and the landlord class

The historical conditions for the outbreak of the Russian October Revolution

1. Russia is the gathering point of various contradictions

2. The maturity of the proletarian revolutionary party

3. World War I created favorable opportunities for the October Revolution. (Intensify conflicts)

What were the characteristics of the Russian October Revolution?

1. Riots in central cities and armed seizure of power.

2. It has gone through two closely connected stages of bourgeois democratic revolution and socialist revolution with different natures.

Measures taken to consolidate the new Soviet power

1. Establish a new type of proletarian political power;

The people become the masters of the country

2. Nationalize banks, railways and large industrial enterprises

Changed the ownership of the means of production and established a socialist economic foundation.

3. Promulgate the "Land Decree", confiscate the land of landlords, royal families and monasteries, and distribute it to farmers for farming;

The land requirements of the broad masses of the people were met.

4. Negotiate peace with Germany and Austria-Hungary and withdraw from World War I;

Satisfy the people's demand for peace.

5. In 1918, the capital of Soviet Russia moved from Petrograd to Moscow;

Impact: Soviet Russia crushed rebellion and interference at home and abroad, and consolidated its power.

Civil War Period (1918-1920)

Policies Implemented: War Communism

Purpose: To maximize the concentration of manpower, material and financial resources across the country to support the war.

Content: Agriculture: Implement a surplus grain collection system to collect grain and agricultural products from farmers.

Industrially: Small and medium-sized enterprises will be nationalized.

Commercially: Eliminate free trade.

Role: Consolidating the new people's power.

The historical significance of the October Revolution

It was the first victorious socialist revolution (in nature) in human history, and the world's first socialist country was born. He turned socialism from theory into reality, dealt a heavy blow to imperialist rule, promoted the development of the international socialist movement, and inspired the liberation struggles of the people in colonies and semi-colonies. It is the beginning of modern world history.

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