"Regional Ethnic Autonomy and National Unity" PPT on the Construction and Reform of New China

"Regional Ethnic Autonomy and National Unity" PPT on the Construction and Reform of New China

Part One: Independent Learning - Preface

1. With the founding of New China, all ethnic groups were __________. Ethnic areas The development of ______ areas has witnessed the common prosperity and unprecedented unity of all ethnic groups in the country.

2. The current ethnic relations in our country: People of all ethnic groups live in harmony and develop together in an atmosphere of ________, ________, ________, and ________.

2. National Profile and Characteristics

1. Overview: my country is a __________________ country, home to 56 ethnic groups. Among them, ________ has the largest population, accounting for about 92% of the country's total population; the other 55 ethnic groups have smaller populations, accounting for about 8% of the country's population, and are called ____________.

2. Characteristics: In the long-term historical development, various ethnic groups have formed an interdependent and inseparable relationship in politics, economy, and culture.

Regional ethnic autonomy and ethnic unity PPT, part 2: System of regional ethnic autonomy—in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities

① Nature: It is a basic political system of our country

②Five ethnic minority autonomous regions:

Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Xinjiang, Ningxia, Tibet

What are the levels of ethnic autonomous areas in China?

③Level three: autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, autonomous counties (banners)

④Content: (meaning)

Under the unified leadership of the state, ethnic autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, and autonomous counties (banners) are established in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities to exercise their autonomy rights and make ethnic minorities the masters of their own affairs and manage their own ethnic affairs.

⑤Function:

(1) Protect the political rights of ethnic minorities to be the masters of their own affairs

(2) Maintaining the unity of the country

(3) Conducive to national unity, social stability and the development of minority areas.

Regional Ethnic Autonomy and Ethnic Unity PPT, Part 3: Classroom Research

Research 1: What are the similarities and differences between ethnic autonomous regions and special administrative regions?

different:

1. The legal basis for establishment is different: the former is based on the "Common Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference"; the latter is the "Constitution of the People's Republic of China" adopted by the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress in December 1982.

2. The two solve different problems. The former was set up to solve ethnic issues; the latter was set up to properly resolve the issues of Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, and to achieve the reunification of the motherland.

3. The implementation areas of the two are different. Ethnic autonomous areas are established in specific areas where ethnic minorities live together; special administrative regions are established in specific areas such as Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.

4． The social systems implemented by the two are different. National autonomous regions implement socialist systems and policies; while the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions maintain their original capitalist systems.

5. The two have different levels of autonomy. my country's ethnic autonomous areas are divided into three levels: autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, and autonomous counties. The corresponding autonomous organs include the People's Congress and the People's Government of the autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, and autonomous counties. They perform their duties within their respective powers and scope; while the Special Administrative Region has only one level of government and one level of political power. The Special Administrative Region government no longer has any political power units under it. It is a political power organization that directly contacts the citizens.

6. The two have different degrees of autonomy.

Ethnic autonomy organs in ethnic autonomous areas enjoy "certain autonomy". It mainly includes five aspects: legislative autonomy, flexible executive power, economic autonomy, cultural management autonomy, and other autonomy.

The high degree of autonomy enjoyed by special administrative regions is the main sign that distinguishes them from my country's ethnic regional autonomous areas. The special administrative region enjoys a high degree of autonomy, which mainly includes: ① administrative power. ②Legislative power. ③Independent judicial power and final adjudication power. ④Enjoy certain foreign affairs rights. ⑤ Other autonomous powers granted by the central government in accordance with the law.

Same: all accept the unified leadership of the state; all exercise the right of autonomy.

Regional Ethnic Autonomy and Ethnic Unity PPT, Part 4: The State’s Comprehensive Support for Ethnic Minorities

⑴Respect the customs and habits of ethnic minorities

The customs of various ethnic groups in China are rich and colorful during the New Year. For example: the Tibetan New Year and the "Sholton Festival" of the Tibetan people, the "Eid al-Fitr" and the "Aid al-Adha" of the Hui and Uyghur people, the "Nadam" of the Mongolian people, the "Water Splashing Festival" of the Dai people, the "Torch Festival" of the Yi people, etc. Ethnic minorities are free to celebrate festivals according to their own traditional customs. The state arranges holidays according to the annual customs of each ethnic minority and provides special food for the festivals.

⑵Protect the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities

The epic "Gesar", Shui Shui Shu Shui, Mongolian long-melody folk songs...

⑶ Promote the cultural and artistic undertakings of ethnic minorities

Uyghur Maqam art has been selected as UNESCO’s representative works of human oral heritage and intangible cultural heritage;

Tibetan mural art, Uyghur and Mongolian carpets and wall hangings, Buyi, Miao, Yao, Gelao and other ethnic groups' batik, Tujia, Zhuang, Dai, Li, Dong and other ethnic groups' brocade weaving skills... have not only been developed, but also It has brought good economic benefits and promoted the development of ethnic minorities.

⑷Protect and develop traditional medicine of ethnic minorities

⑸Develop traditional sports of ethnic minorities

Regional ethnic autonomy and ethnic unity PPT, Part 5: Enlightenment from historical development

When ethnic relations are harmonious, politics will be stable and the economy will develop.

Strengthening national unity and safeguarding the reunification of the motherland are the highest interests of the Chinese nation and the common aspiration of people of all ethnic groups.

National unity is the prerequisite and guarantee for national unity and prosperity

Maintaining national unity is the sacred duty and obligation of every citizen

Combining history and reality, analyze the significance of national unity to maintaining national unity?

National unity is the prerequisite and guarantee for national unity;

Strengthening national unity and safeguarding national unity are the highest interests of the Chinese nation and the common aspiration of people of all ethnic groups;

Maintaining national unity is conducive to the stability and prosperity of the country;

Conducive to the common progress and development of all ethnic groups;

It is conducive to consolidating national defense and maintaining border stability.

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