"Reform Movement" Modern China PPT in the tide of industrial civilization in the mid-to-late 19th century

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"Reform Movement" Modern China PPT in the tide of industrial civilization in the mid-to-late 19th century

The first part of the content: Hong Zhong's "The Theory of Heavenly Evolution"

1. Main activities of the reformists

Found a newspaper

organization society

Open a school

Translation of Western works such as "Tianyan Lun"

2. Yan Fu’s main political thought: Theory of evolution. Only by implementing reforms can we “strengthen ourselves and preserve our species” - which promoted the development of the reform movement.

Kang Youwei initiated a petition on the bus

Why write on the bus?

In the spring of 1895, news came that the Qing government had signed the Treaty of Shimonoseki. Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, who were taking the imperial examination in Beijing, united more than 1,300 candidates and wrote to Emperor Guangxu, opposing the peace talks and requesting reforms. Historically known as "writing on the bus"

What is the reason for writing letters on the bus?

In 1895, the Qing government signed the Treaty of Shimonoseki, which was humiliating and humiliating the country.

Bus - lifting children and people

Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao invited candidates from various provinces to participate in the imperial examinations and jointly wrote to Emperor Guangxu, opposing peace talks with Japan and requesting reforms to strengthen the country.

Reform Movement PPT, Part 2 Content: Reform Movement

1. Rise: In 1895, Kang Youwei initiated a public petition

Time: 1895

Background: The signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki greatly deepened the national crisis

Initiators: Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao

Content: Opposing the peace proposal and requesting reform

Significance: kicked off the reform movement

Result: Failed due to obstruction by the old forces

2. Development:

1. After the failure of the public petition, what activities did the bourgeois reformists use to promote the reform ideas:

Organizational society: regular gatherings to give speeches and discuss current affairs

Founded newspapers and periodicals: published articles and translated Western works

Open a school

2. What ideas do these activities embody the bourgeois reformists?

(1) Liang Qichao: Implementing a constitutional monarchy

(2) Yan Fu: He advocated that change will lead to strength, and change will lead to death.

3. What role did these publicity activities play?

3. Climax: 1898 Reform Movement of 1898 - Hundred Days Reform

1. Background of the Reform: Great powers carved up China, and the national crisis further deepened

2. The sign of the beginning of the reform: Emperor Guangxu promulgated the edict "Ming Dynasty"

3. Main content and impact

4. The failure of the reform—the 1898 Coup

Empress Dowager Cixi (1835--1908) launched the Reform Movement of 1898 on September 21, 1898, imprisoned Guangxu, and took full power of the Qing government. The Reform Movement of 1898 failed.

Reform Movement PPT, Part Three: The Significance of the Reform Movement of 1898

Although the Reform Movement of 1898 failed, it had a significant and far-reaching impact. It set off the first trend of ideological emancipation in modern China and played a significant role in the awakening and progress of the Chinese people. It was characterized by the first appearance of the Chinese national bourgeoisie on the political stage and became the prelude to the democratic revolution led by the Chinese bourgeoisie. Since then, more and more people believe that to save China, we must carry out revolution, overthrow the rule of the Qing Dynasty, and establish a democratic republic system imitating the West.

think

reason of failure:

Subjectively: the reformers relied on an emperor without real power and were separated from the people and could not get support from the people; the reformers were compromising and weak.

Objectively speaking: the reform touches the interests of conservatives, who hold real power and gain strong support from imperialism; Yuan Shikai betrays the reformers, etc.

Nature: A bourgeois reform movement and the first ideological emancipation trend in modern China

Influence: It promoted the consciousness and progress of the Chinese people; the national bourgeoisie entered the political stage for the first time, showing the power of the bourgeoisie; it became the prelude to China's bourgeois democratic revolution.

Inspiration:

The road of bourgeois reform is not feasible in semi-colonial and semi-feudal China. To save China, we must carry out revolution, overthrow the rule of the Qing Dynasty, and establish a democratic republic.

What are the similarities and differences between the views of the Reformers and the Westernizers?

Similarities: Both factions advocate learning from the West and introducing advanced Western science and technology to make the country rich and powerful; both advocate the establishment of new schools to cultivate talents.

Differences: The differences in views between the reformers and the Westernizationists are mainly reflected in politics. In addition to learning from the West in terms of military, economics, education, etc., they also advocated the implementation of a constitutional monarchy in politics.

Reform Movement PPT, Part 4: Classroom Exercises

1. The event that kicked off the reform movement was ()

A. The establishment of the Strong Society B. The founding of the Gazette of All Nations

C "Send a letter on the bus" D The establishment of the National Protective Association

2 The modern Chinese Enlightenment thinker is ( )

A Liang Qichao BKang Youwei C Yan Fu D Lin Zexu

3 The Reform Movement of 1898 began in ( )

A writes a letter to the bus B Strong Society

C Baoguoguo D Emperor Guangxu promulgated an edict to "clearly determine the status of the country"

Discuss: Who are the thieves that the reformers want to kill?

Why are the reformers so “powerless”?

Why did Tan Sitong say that he "died well"?

The thieves the reformers wanted to kill were the stubborn feudal forces.

However, due to the limitations of class, the bourgeois reformers could not succeed.

Tan Sitong said that there are people in foreign countries who have died due to political reforms. But China doesn’t have it yet, so he wants to be the first person to die in China due to the reform.

Keywords: Free download of History and Society PPT courseware for the second volume of the eighth grade of the People's Education Press, PPT download of the reform movement, PPT download of modern China in the tide of industrial civilization in the mid-to-late 19th century, .PPT format;

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Update Time: 2024-08-28

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