"Recovering Xinjiang" Invasion and Resistance PPT Courseware 2

"Recovering Xinjiang" Invasion and Resistance PPT Courseware 2

Activities and Inquiries:

1. The vigorous peasant movement-the Taiping Rebellion fell in Tianjing in 1864, marking its failure. What is the main reason for this result?

2. Who are the main targets of their opposition? Why?

3. The Taiping Rebellion failed, but what did it leave to future generations?

1. Mainly due to the joint suppression of P10 by Chinese and foreign reactionary forces

2. P7 Qing government, (due to the large amount of reparations after the Opium War, the Qing government intensified its exploitation of the people, and the contradiction between the people and feudal rule intensified.) (This is the main reason for the outbreak of the Taiping Rebellion)

3. Their courageous fighting spirit against feudalism and aggression inspired future generations. (Compared with previous peasant struggles, this is the biggest difference); it enlightens us that the peasant class cannot save China.

1. The main culprit of the Second Opium War was ( ) and the accomplice was ( )

2. The leader and capital of the Taiping Rebellion is ( )

A. Shi Dakai, Xi'an B． Hong Xiuquan, Beijing

C. Hong Xiuquan, Tianjing D. Li Xiucheng, Tianjing

3. A folk song spread in Cixi, Zhejiang: "Foreigners are like eagles with yellow hair, high noses and green eyes. The hawk is ferocious and afraid of bows. Foreigners are afraid of the red-headed army." The "red-headed army" in this folk song refers to ( )

A. The Taiping Army led by Hong Xiuquan B. The Blackwater Party in Ningbo

C. The rebel army organized by Xu Xiang D. The Yellow Banner Army of Liu Yongfu

4. Li Dazhao said, "The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom banned opium, but adopted religion; they did not build the Republic of China, but built the Kingdom of Heaven. This was an important reason for their failure." This passage refers to ( )

A. Without advanced class leadership B. Unable to fully rely on the people

C. Lack of scientific theoretical guidance D. Lack of thorough revolutionary spirit

5. The unequal treaty that ceded more than 600,000 square kilometers of land south of the Xing'an Mountains in Northeast China and north of Heilongjiang was ( )

A. The Treaty of Aihun between China and Russia B. The Treaty of Beijing between China and Russia C. The Treaty of Tianjin between China and Russia D. The revised Treaty between China and Russia

Border crisis manifestations

1. Southeast: US and Japanese aggression against Taiwan

2. Southwest: Britain and France take a look at Yunnan and Guangxi

3. Northwest: Russia and Britain invaded Xinjiang and Tibet

4. Britain and Russia supported Agub’s invasion of Xinjiang

5. Tsarist Russia occupied Ili

Why has Xinjiang been China’s territory since ancient times?

The Western Han Dynasty established the Western Regions Protectorate to manage the Western Regions including Xinjiang.

The Tang Dynasty established the Anxi Protectorate and the Beiting Protectorate to manage Xinjiang affairs.

The Qing Dynasty established General Yili to manage Xinjiang

The dispute between coastal defense and fortress defense: The two Opium Wars made China even poorer and weaker. When the frontiers were invaded, fierce debates occurred within the Qing government.

The Coast Defense School: headed by Li Hongzhang, believes that if Xinjiang is not restored, the vitality of the limbs will not be harmed, and if the sea is not defended, the troubles for those close to them will become more difficult;

Blockade defense faction: Official Wang Wenshao advocates that blockade defense is more important and limited money should be used to regain Xinjiang;

The governor of Shaanxi and Gansu Province, Zuo Zongtang, advocated that "the east cannot be supported and the west must be defeated."

1. China’s national defense is an integral whole, and equal emphasis should be placed on border defense and coastal defense, neither of which can be missing. One-sided emphasis on coastal defense and neglect of fortification defense is just like Mr. Zuo said, "If you can support the east, you will fall to the west." I am afraid that in the end, "the west will fall and the east will not be able to support it."

2. Xinjiang is the barrier to the northwest of the country and its strategic position is very important. Once it is lost, the security of the capital will be seriously threatened. Just as Zuo Zongtang said, "Those who return to Xinjiang defend Mongolia, and those who defend Mongolia defend the capital." Recovering Xinjiang not only has great significance in opposing foreign aggression and safeguarding the country's territorial unity, but also conforms to the country's long-term interests.

Introduction to Zuo Zongtang

Zuo Zongtang, courtesy name Jigao, Han nationality, Hunanese. An important minister of the late Qing Dynasty, a strategist, politician, a famous general of the Hunan Army, and the leader of the Westernization Movement. He mainly did three major things in his life: leading the Hunan army to quell the Taiping Rebellion, regaining Xinjiang, and launching the Westernization Movement to enrich the country and strengthen the army to resist foreign invasion.

Zuo Zongtang wrote a couplet by himself: "I don't have half an acre, and I worry about the world; I have read thousands of volumes, and I have friends with the ancients." Keep your mind in mind. The majestic declaration was an encouragement to himself and a reflection of his life.

Activities and Inquiry

What is the most praiseworthy incident of Zuo Zongtang? Why?

Why did the recovery of Ili cost huge amounts of land and compensation? does it worth?

Russia is strong and weak, and it is impossible to take back Ili without paying a certain price.

worth

Ili is the gateway to Xinjiang and has an important strategic position. Failure to recover Ili means that Xinjiang has not been recovered, and national security is still not guaranteed. Therefore, Yili is more important than that piece of land and those compensation payments.

The historical significance of Zuo Zongtang’s recovery of Xinjiang??

It smashed the British and Russian plans to carve up Xinjiang, defended the northwest frontier of the motherland, and safeguarded the territorial integrity and security of the motherland.

It is conducive to the development of Xinjiang.

Destroyed the arrogance of the Tsarist Russian invaders. Zuo Zongtang is a national hero of the Chinese nation.

practice

1. Arrange the correct ones in order ( )

a. Agub invaded Xinjiang b. Tsarist Russia sent troops to occupy Ili

c. China took back Ili d. The Qing government established a province in Xinjiang

A. bacd B. acdb

C.abcd D.cbda

2. In order to strengthen the management and defense of the northwest frontier, according to the suggestions of ( ), the Qing government established a province in Xinjiang in ( )

3. "When it comes to military warfare, I am not as good as Zuo Zongtang; for being loyal to the country, Ji Gao is the best. The country is lucky to have Zuo Zongtang." ——Zeng Guofan

What was the reason why Zeng Guofan said, "The country is fortunate to have Zuo Zongtang"?

4． In China's modern history, the heroic Chinese people have fought hard against foreign aggression, and countless national heroes and revolutionary patriots have emerged who can sing and cry. Please read the picture below and answer the questions based on the historical knowledge you have learned.

(1) Who is the character in picture A? In one sentence, summarize his outstanding heroic deeds in the anti-aggression struggle?

(2) Which historical event in Chinese history is the character in Picture B related to? What impact did this historical event have?

How to evaluate historical figures?

Zuo Zongtang suppressed the Taiping Rebellion, founded Westernization Movement enterprises, and recovered Xinjiang. How do you evaluate Zuo Zongtang?

① As a feudal bureaucrat and Hunan Army general, he participated in the suppression of the Taiping Army and was one of the executioners;

② As a local representative of the Westernization faction, he founded the Fuzhou Shipping Bureau, developed Xinjiang, and was an organizer of social and economic development;

③In 1878, Zuo Zongtang led the army to regain Xinjiang, supported Zeng Jize in his struggle to negotiate with Ili, and smashed the Russian and British conspiracy to split Xinjiang, the motherland. As a patriot, Zuo Zongtang's military contributions were indispensable. Throughout Zuo Zongtang's life, his merits outweigh his faults.

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