"Reconstruction of the Unified Dynasty" PPT courseware 2 during the Qin and Han Dynasties

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"Reconstruction of the Unified Dynasty" PPT courseware 2 during the Qin and Han Dynasties

Yi Yi Yi

1. The fundamental reason for the demise of the Qin Dynasty: Qin’s tyranny

2. The first large-scale peasant uprising in Chinese history was the Dazexiang Uprising.

The leaders are Chen Sheng and Wu Guang.

3. The duration of the Qin Dynasty

221 BC - 2016 BC 15 years

Could you please compare the differences between the ruling policies of the early Han Dynasty and that of the Qin Dynasty? What are the consequences of each?

Qin Dynasty: Burning books, enforcing Confucianism, imposing heavy corvee taxes, and suppressing the people with harsh torture laws aroused people's resistance. The result was the death of Qin Dynasty II.

Western Han Dynasty: Learned the lessons from the fall of the Qin Dynasty and adopted the policy of "rest and recuperation" to quickly recover and develop the economy. The result was the situation of "Wenjing's rule".

Measures to consolidate the situation of great unification

Politics: weaken the power of local vassal states and strengthen centralization.

economy

Yantieguanying

Reform the currency system: mint five baht coins and return the minting power to the central government.

Construction of water conservancy: In order to develop agricultural production, large-scale water conservancy projects such as Liufu Canal and Bai Canal were built.

Culture: Accept Dong Zhongshu’s suggestion to “respect Confucianism alone”. Develop Confucian education and establish Imperial College in Chang'an.

Military: Attack the Huns in the north, eliminating the threat of the Huns to the Central Plains.

Managing the frontier

① Set up counties in Hexi, build border fortresses, and farm in Hexi.

②Developing the Southwest: During the reign of Emperor Wu, he persuaded the southwest countries to belong to the Western Han Dynasty, established schools there, and spread advanced production technologies and tools to the southwest, which promoted the rapid economic and cultural development of the southwest minority areas.

③Northeast expansion: After Emperor Wu defeated the Huns, he set up administrative agencies in the Northeast.

Thinking - What impact did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's unification measures have on the country at that time?

1. Consolidated state power.

2. Promote national integration.

3. Promote economic development.

4. Promote the development of education.

5. Become one of the most powerful countries in the world.

How to evaluate Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty?

Character evaluation

A. Qualitative (who is he? What does he do?)

B. Positive (contribution to social development)

C. Negative (hinder to social development)

evaluate

1. He is a talented and strategic emperor in Chinese history.

2. During his rule, the Western Han Dynasty's national power became strong, the nationalities integrated, and the political, economic, and cultural unification was achieved.

3. He fought for years and spent a lot of people and material resources. In his later years, society experienced turmoil, but it could be corrected in time.

Think about it, how should we evaluate Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty?

Credit: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was an emperor with great talents and great strategies. During his reign, he took a series of measures to strengthen centralization in politics, ideology, culture, economy, etc., which consolidated and strengthened feudal centralization, and the Han Dynasty realized great achievements. Unify. The Western Han Dynasty began to enter its heyday, and China's feudal society entered its first heyday.

Fault: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very happy with his achievements. Years of wars cost huge amounts of money; he conscripted troops and levied taxes on a large scale, which brought great suffering to the people; he was also superstitious about luxury and reused cruel officials. In his later years, social turmoil occurred in the Western Han Dynasty, and farmers continued to riot. But he was still a very accomplished feudal emperor, especially his spirit of admitting his mistakes and correcting them after he knew them was even more valuable.

Emperor Qin Shihuang

Credits: Politically: 1. Destroyed six countries and unified the whole country. 2. Established a complete feudal autocratic centralized system in our country.

Economically: 1. Unify weights and measures 2. Unify currency Culturally: Unify writing

Military: Build the Great Wall to defend against the Huns.

Faults: Brutal rule, heavy taxes, heavy military service, burning books and humiliating Confucians.

Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty

Politically: weaken the power of princes and achieve a high degree of centralization.

Economically: construction of water conservancy projects.

Culturally: Taixue was established in Chang'an, schools were established in prefectures and counties, and a local education system was initially established.

Military: Defeat the Xiongnu, open up trade routes to the Western Regions, and expand territory.

Mistakes: massive conscription and taxation, which increased the burden on the people; "deposed hundreds of schools of thought and only respected Confucianism."

knowledge consolidation

1. ______wasted half a pound of money and converted it into ______ money; accepted ______'s "______" suggestion and developed Confucian education; established ______ in ______ (______ is the highest institution of learning in ancient China).

2. If you lived during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, if you wanted to enter the highest institution of higher education in the country, you must go to:

A. Chang'an B. Luoyang C． Xianyang D． kaifeng

3. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty’s “depose of hundreds of schools” refers to:

A. Hundreds of schools of thought B. Hundreds of schools of thought except Confucianism

C. Legalism and Mohism D. Taoism and military strategism

4. The essence of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty weakening the power of the vassal states is:

A. Deprive the kingdom of its fiefs B. Strengthen centralization and consolidate feudal rule

C. Divide the kingdom's fiefdoms D. Take back the power to appoint and remove the kingdom's officials

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Update Time: 2024-10-29

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