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Authoritative PPT Summary
"Pulleys and Their Applications" Machinery and Human PPT Courseware 2
learning target
1. Know fixed pulleys, movable pulleys, and pulley blocks and be able to identify them;
2. Understand the characteristics and essence of fixed pulleys, movable pulleys, and pulley blocks, and be able to use them to solve simple problems;
3. Able to use and assemble simple pulley blocks as required.
1. Widen the middle part of the equal-arm lever;
2. Turn it into a round wheel rotating around the central axis;
3. Then process the outer edge of the round wheel into a groove shape.
This round wheel with grooves around its periphery and rotating around its axis is called a pulley.
1. Fixed pulley
Definition: When using a pulley, the shaft of the pulley is fixed and is called a fixed pulley.
Experiment 1: Explore the characteristics of fixed pulleys
Conclusion: The fixed pulley is not labor-saving, but it can change the direction of the pulling force.
The essence of fixed pulley:
in conclusion:
1. A fixed pulley does not save effort, but it can change the direction of the force.
2. The fixed pulley can be regarded as an equal-arm lever.
Experiment 2: Explore the characteristics of the moving pulley
Conclusion: Moving the pulley saves effort and cannot change the direction of the pulling force.
The essence of the moving pulley:
in conclusion:
1. The moving pulley can save half the effort.
2. Moving the pulley saves effort but cannot change the direction of the pulling force.
Think about it:
1. The advantage of using a fixed pulley is ＿＿＿＿＿＿.
2. The advantage of using a movable pulley is ＿＿＿.
Can we use the advantages of fixed pulleys and movable pulleys to combine them to make them labor-saving and convenient?
able. Combine them into a pulley block.
3. Pulley block
In order to save effort and change the direction of the force, the fixed pulley and the movable pulley can be combined into a pulley block.
The role of the pulley block (if the weight of the pulley and the friction between the rope and the pulley are ignored)
1. The pulley block uses several strands of rope to lift the object. The force used to lift the object is equal to a fraction of the weight of the object, that is, F=(1/n)G.
2. The distance the hand pulls the rope through is equal to n times the distance the object rises, that is (S=nh).
Experiments have shown that when a pulley block is used to pull a heavy object, if the weight and friction of the movable pulley are ignored and the movable pulley is pulled by several strands of rope, the force used is a fraction of the friction between the object and the contact surface. That is F=1/nf
As shown in the figure, the magnitude of the pulling force F is equal to __________.
How to wind the pulley block rope:
When n is an even number, the starting end (or end) of the rope is on the fixed pulley;
When n is an odd number, the starting end (or end) of the rope is on the moving pulley.
Class exercises
1. As shown in Figure A, object B weighs 100 N. When it rises at a constant speed under the action of force F, F should be equal to ____N. (excluding friction)
2. As shown in Figure B, the weight of object A is 100 N, and the tensile force endured by the hook hanging the heavy object is ____N. The force exerted by a person pulling the rope at a constant speed is __N. (The dead weight of the moving pulley is not included)
3. Among the four pulley sets shown in the figure, figure __________ can save half the effort, figure __________ is the most laborious, and figure __________ and figure __________ require the same amount of force.
4. As shown in the figure, object A weighs G=80 N and moves forward at a constant speed under the pulling force of F=60 N. At this time, the friction force experienced by object A is equal to ____N. (The dead weight of the pulley and the friction between the rope and the pulley are not included)
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"Pulleys and Their Applications" Machinery and Human PPT Courseware:
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