"Properties of Metals" Metals and Metal Materials PPT Courseware

Description

"Properties of Metals" Metals and Metal Materials PPT Courseware

1. Physical properties of metals

The best of metal

The most abundant metal element in the earth’s crust─aluminum

The most abundant metal element in the human body─calcium

The metal with the highest annual output in the world - iron

The metal with the best electrical and thermal conductivity─Silver

The hardest metal─Chromium

The metal with the highest melting point─Tungsten

The metal with the lowest melting point─mercury

In many cases what people actually use is not pure metals, but alloys.

2. Alloy

1. What is alloy?

An alloy is a substance with metallic properties formed by the fusion of one metal with other metals (or non-metals).

2. Properties of alloy

Compared with pure metals, alloys generally have the following properties: ① Greater hardness ② Lower melting point ③ Good machining performance

Reading and Thinking

Read the content about alloys on pages P4~5 of the textbook, think about and answer the following questions.

1. The most commonly used metal material in the world is _____. Pig iron and steel are both alloys of __. They can be distinguished according to their carbon content. The one with more carbon is _____, and the one with less carbon is _____. Both pig iron and steel belong to ___________ (fill in the "pure substance or mixture").

2. If certain ______ or __________ are heated and fused in metal, substances with metallic characteristics, that is, alloys, can be produced.

3. Pure iron is ____, while pig iron is ___ than pure iron; stainless steel is not only ___ than pure iron, but its ________ performance is also much better than pure iron. Therefore, in daily life, industrial and agricultural production, and scientific research, what is often used extensively is not ________, but their _______.

4. Although there are only ___ kinds of pure metals that have been produced so far, there are ______ kinds of alloys made from these pure metals according to certain compositions and mass ratios.

3. Chemical properties of metals

(1) The shovel used for cooking is made of iron and usually has a wooden handle.

(2) Iron blocks can be made into iron wires or iron sheets

(3) When the tank truck is driving, the oil in the tank oscillates and generates static electricity, which is prone to fire hazards. Therefore, there is an iron chain mopping the ground at the rear of the tank truck.

think

1. Some metals can undergo displacement reactions with acids, but are the severity of the reactions the same?

2. Some metals can undergo displacement reactions with certain salt solutions. Why don't some reactions happen?

4. Explore the mobility of metals

Add a small amount of hydrochloric acid (or dilute sulfuric acid) of equal volume and concentration to each of the three test tubes. Add a clean magnesium bar, copper sheet and iron nail polished with sandpaper to each of the test tubes. Observe the reaction phenomenon and compare. The severity of its reaction.

Analysis and induction

1. In the above experiment, the metals that can react with acids are ____ and the metals that cannot react with acids are ____.

2. Among metals that can react with acids, the order of severity of reaction from strong to weak is ________.

3. Whether a metal can react with hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid to release hydrogen gas and the difference in the severity of the reaction can indicate the mobility of the metal. The more reactive the metal, the more violent the reaction with hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid. According to this, the order of metal activity from strong to weak among magnesium, copper, and iron is___________

practise:

1. Determine whether each of the following groups of substances can react? Write equations that can be reacted

(1) Silver and dilute hydrochloric acid

(2) Aluminum and dilute sulfuric acid

(3) Copper and zinc sulfate solution

(4) Zinc and copper sulfate solution

(5) Magnesium and silver nitrate solution

Test points:

1. Metal activity sequence and its applications;

2. Separation method of mixture;

3. Write chemical equations, text expressions, and ionization equations.

Analysis: Answer based on the principle of impurity removal. The principle of impurity removal is to remove impurities but not introduce new impurities.

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Update Time: 2024-11-03

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Hunan Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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