"Prevention of Common Natural Disasters" Causes and Prevention of Common Natural Disasters PPT

"Prevention of Common Natural Disasters" Causes and Prevention of Common Natural Disasters PPT

Part One: Strengthening the Implementation of Basic Knowledge

[Self-reading textbook·Fill in key points]

1. Monitoring and prevention of natural disasters

1. Disaster monitoring

(1) Purpose: To provide _____ and information so as to carry out _____ and forecast, until direct transition to emergency _____ action accordingly.

(2) Natural disaster monitoring system: carry out pre-disaster _____, disaster tracking, post-disaster _____, and propose disaster reduction _____.

2. Disaster prevention

It refers to taking engineering or _____ defensive measures before a natural disaster occurs to _____ or delay the occurrence of the disaster, or to reduce the _____ and losses caused when the disaster occurs.

2. Rescue and rescue of natural disasters

1. Disaster Relief Preparations

(1) Aspects involved: _____ and disaster relief material reserve base.

(2) my country’s disaster relief material reserves

①Classification of disaster relief materials: four categories: daily life, _____, medical and _____ items.

② 10 national disaster relief material reserve bases: Tianjin, _____, Shenyang, Hefei, _____, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanning, Chengdu and _____.

2. Disaster rescue: refers to the various active measures taken by relevant disaster relief departments to provide relief and relief to victims after a disaster occurs, and to repair various damaged facilities to minimize the losses caused by the disaster.

3. Disaster recovery

(1) Concept: refers to _____ and home reconstruction activities carried out after natural disasters.

(2) Purpose: on the one hand, to minimize the losses caused by natural disasters; on the other hand, to _____ the ability to resist future disasters.

(3) Relief forms: _____ relief, private relief and _____ relief.

3. Measures and methods to avoid natural disasters

1. Earthquake Disaster Prevention

(1)Basic policy: “_____”

(2) Preparation before earthquake

① Prepare a _____ and an emergency card for each family member.

②Clean items frequently to keep _____ unobstructed.

(3)Shock-absorbing measures

①Indoor of the bungalow: run to the outdoor _____ area.

②Building: _____.

③Outdoor: Move to an open place.

PPT on prevention of common natural disasters, part 2: Pay attention to problem-based teaching

Question 1: What are the main means of preventing natural disasters? Basic test points

[Thinking and exploring]

[ Material 1

[ Material Two The "sharp knife" power of disaster relief. "In the past, various rescue forces were often scattered, making it difficult to form a synergy and affecting rescue efficiency. After the establishment of the Emergency Management Department, the integration advantages of comprehensive rescue gradually emerged and became the backbone of emergency rescue."

[Exploration 1] What are the means of preventing natural disasters shown in Material 1?

Tip: Disaster monitoring.

[Exploration 2] What are the natural disaster prevention methods in Material 2? How to implement?

Tip: Disaster rescue. After the disaster occurs, the relevant disaster relief departments take various active measures to rescue and relieve the victims and carry out emergency repairs of various damaged facilities to minimize the losses caused by the disaster.

[System Cognition]

(1) Preventing natural disasters does not mean eliminating disasters. The occurrence of many natural disasters is the result of abnormal natural changes, such as disasters caused by typhoons, tsunamis, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. These disasters cannot be prevented by humans, but through Precautionary measures can reduce losses caused by disasters.

(2) The occurrence of natural disasters is closely related to human damage to the ecological environment. For example, activities such as destroying vegetation and indiscriminate mining of ores in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Hengduan Mountains and other places can easily induce geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows. Disaster reduction efforts must pay attention to ecology. Environmental protection, otherwise more disasters will occur.

[Training to pass the test]

1. The construction of reservoirs, dams, protective forests, etc. belongs to the prevention of natural disasters ()

A. Disaster monitoringB. Disaster prevention

C. Disaster rescue D. Disaster recovery

2. The core of natural disaster prevention is ()

① Reduce the number of disasters ② Defeat natural disasters ③ Prevent natural disasters ④ Reduce losses caused by disasters

A． ①② B. ②③

C. ①④ D. ③④

3. Regarding the prevention of natural disasters, which one of the following is correctly understood ()

A. Disaster avoidance is an ideal concept that is impossible to realize under current technical conditions.

B． As long as science and technology improve, we can avoid and put an end to various natural disasters

C. Accurately predicting the occurrence of various natural disasters is the key to natural disaster prevention

D. Natural disaster prevention helps achieve sustainable development goals

Question 2: How to achieve self-rescue and mutual rescue? Important and difficult test points

[Thinking and exploring]

With the approval of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, since 2009, May 12th every year has been the national "Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day". On the one hand, it complies with the demands of all sectors of society for attention to disaster prevention and reduction in my country, and on the other hand, it reminds the people to never forget the past and prepare for the future, pay more attention to disaster prevention and reduction, and strive to reduce disaster losses. The icon uses rainbow, umbrella and people as basic composition elements. Among them, the rainbow that clears up after the rain implies beauty, future and hope; the umbrella is the most commonly used tool for people to prevent rain, and its curved image represents protection and care; the two people represent a man and a woman, an old and a young person. … Let’s work together to prevent and reduce disasters. The entire logo reflects positive thoughts and the intention to protect the safety of people's lives and property.

[Problem Design]

1. What aspects are included in using "comprehensive thinking" to analyze self-rescue and mutual rescue?

2. From the perspective of "geographical practice", we will discuss how to perform self-rescue and mutual rescue when encountering landslides and mudslides in the wild?

PPT on prevention of common natural disasters, part three: developing structural thinking

Structural evaluation of thinking - Preparation for earthquakes

Our country is located in the Pacific Rim Seismic Belt and the Mediterranean-Himalayan Seismic Belt, and there are many active fault zones distributed on our land plates, making our country a country prone to earthquake disasters. According to statistics, in 2018 alone, a total of 542 earthquakes of magnitude 3 or above occurred in my country (earthquakes below magnitude 4.0 in Taiwan are not included), including 363 magnitudes from 3.0 to 3.9, 148 magnitudes from 4.0 to 4.9, and 5.0 magnitudes. 26 times to magnitude 5.9, 5 times from magnitude 6.0 to 6.9, and 0 times above magnitude 7.0. The largest earthquake was a magnitude 6.5 earthquake that occurred in the waters near Hualien County, Taiwan on February 6. How to understand and prepare for earthquakes?

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