"Preface to Dongyang Ma Sheng" PPT courseware 10

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"Preface to Dongyang Ma Sheng" PPT courseware 10

Song Lian (1310-1381), the founding father of the Ming Dynasty, was given the courtesy name Jing Lian, his nickname Qianxi, and his posthumous title Wenxian. He studied hard all his life, "from childhood to old age, he never read a book in a day, and he learned everything."

read the text aloud

I was fond of learning when I was young. The family was poor and had no way of reading the books, so every time they borrowed them from a book collector, they would write them down by hand and count the days to return them. It is very cold, the inkstone is hard, and the fingers cannot be bent or stretched, so do not be lazy. After recording, I went to see him off, not daring to exceed the appointment. Therefore, many people spend their spare time reading books, and I have to read all kinds of books. After being crowned, I admire the way of the sages. Also worried about the lack of masters and famous people, he often went hundreds of miles away to study the scriptures from the pioneers in his hometown. The first Dade Long Wangzun, whose disciples filled his room, did not even lose his words. Yu Li waited on the left and right, bending down to ask questions and asking questions; or when he was yelling at someone, he would become more respectful and courteous, not daring to say a word; when he was pleased, he would ask again. Therefore, although I am stupid, I have learned something.

Translate text

I especially loved reading when I was a child. My family was poor and couldn't afford to buy books to read. I often borrowed them from people who collected books, and copied them by hand, calculating the dates and returning them on time. When the weather is very cold, the water in the inkstone turns into hard ice, and the fingers cannot bend or straighten (frozen), nor can they stop. After copying, return the borrowed book as soon as possible without exceeding the agreed deadline. Therefore, the more people are willing to lend me books, the more I can read a lot of books.

When I reach adulthood, I admire the teachings of ancient sages even more, but I am also worried that there will be no knowledgeable teachers or celebrities to associate with (ask for advice). I once took the book and ran hundreds of miles away to ask for advice from famous seniors in my hometown. The senior had high morals and reputation, and his room was crowded with disciples of masters. He never used his language to be more tactful or his face to be gentler. I stood respectfully next to him, raising questions and asking questions, bending over and asking for advice with my ear to the side. Sometimes when I meet him scolding someone, my expression becomes more submissive, my etiquette becomes more thoughtful, and I dare not answer a word; when he is happy, I ask for advice again. So even though I was stupid, I finally learned a lot.

Problem thinking

1. From what aspects does the author talk about his experience of studying hard?

1. The pain of borrowing and copying books

2. Difficulty in seeking advice without a teacher

3. The labor of running around

4. The problem of coldness and exhaustion

2. Where does the article show the superior learning conditions of imperial students in the Ming Dynasty?

1. The county magistrate has a small amount of food every day, and his parents have Qiu Ge's inheritance every year, so there is no danger of being cold and discouraged;

2. Sitting under the building and reciting "Poetry" and "Book", there is no need to run around;

3. Someone who has a secretary or a doctor as his teacher, but does not ask for help before asking, and does not get what he asks for;

4. All the books that are suitable to be found are gathered here, and there is no need to record them in my own hand so that others can see them later.

3. Where in this article is comparison used?

Comparison with "students born under the same roof"

All the students in the same room were embroidered with silk, wearing hats decorated with red tassels, a white jade ring around the waist, a sword on the left, and a sword on the right. They looked like gods. The rest of them wore robes with open clothes in the middle, and there was no hint of admiration. Those who are satisfied with it don't know that the worship of words and bodies is not as good as others.

Compare with "Tai student"

Nowadays, all students are studying in Taixue, and the county magistrates have daily support, and their parents have old age, so they are not in danger of being cold and discouraged; sitting under the building and reciting "Poems" and "Books", there is no need to travel around; There are people who are teachers, such as teachers and doctors, but they don't ask before they ask, and they don't get what they ask for. All the books that are suitable to have are collected here, and there is no need to record them in my own hand and leave it to others to see later.

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Download the PPT "Preface to the Gift of Ma Sheng in Dongyang" (first lesson):

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Update Time: 2024-08-31

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