"Potential Energy" Mechanical Energy and Its Transformation PPT Courseware 2

"Potential Energy" Mechanical Energy and Its Transformation PPT Courseware 2

Think: Can all the following three objects do work?

The flowing water moves the bamboo rafts forward

Pile driver drives wooden piles into the ground

Pull the bent bow and shoot the arrow

1. Energy

If an object can do work on the outside, it means that the object has energy, or energy for short.

The more work an object can do to the outside world, the greater the energy it has.

2. Kinetic energy

The energy an object possesses due to motion is called kinetic energy.

Objects with kinetic energy:

fish swimming in the water;

Cheetah galloping on the ground;

eagle flying in the sky;

Satellites and planets in space;

The ascending Shenzhou-6 spacecraft;

Electrons orbiting the nucleus at high speed.

Research shows that the kinetic energy of an object is related to its speed and mass.

The greater the speed and mass of an object, the more kinetic energy it has.

What methods did you mainly use in exploring this experiment?

1. Determine the changes in kinetic energy

① When a car accelerates, its kinetic energy _______.

② When the train decelerates when it enters the station, its kinetic energy is _______; after it stops, its kinetic energy =_______.

③A sprinkler truck is moving forward at a constant speed on the road and spraying water. Its kinetic energy ______________.

2. Compare the kinetic energy

①The car moves forward at the same speed when empty and fully loaded: ______ has large kinetic energy.

②When a student is jogging or running fast: ______ has high kinetic energy.

Both the bent steel tape and the stretched spring can do work on other objects, indicating that they also have energy.

Elastic potential energy: The energy an object has due to elastic deformation.

Elastic potential energy is related to the degree of elastic deformation of an object. Within a certain limit, the greater the elastic deformation of an object, the greater its elastic potential energy.

Question: What factors are related to the magnitude of gravitational potential energy?

Guess: mass height

Equipment: one steel ball of different sizes, sand

step:

1. Steel balls of different sizes fall onto the sand from the same height and compare the degree of dent in the sand.

2. Let the same steel ball fall onto the sand from different heights and compare the degree of depression in the sand.

in conclusion:

For objects with the same mass, the higher they are lifted, the greater their gravitational potential energy;

For objects with the same height, the greater the mass, the greater the gravitational potential energy.

practice

1. What form of energy do the following objects have:

Rocket taking off:_____________;

Falling raindrops:____________;

Stretched rubber band:_____________.

2. An eagle with a larger mass and a swallow with a smaller mass fly in the air. If their kinetic energy is equal, then ____________ flies faster.

3. There is a line in Tang poetry called "The endless Yangtze River rolls in". This moving line vividly and vividly reflects that this great river contains a lot of ______ energy.

4. An object slides down a slope at a constant speed. ( )

A． Kinetic energy increases, potential energy decreases

B． Kinetic energy and potential energy both decrease

C. Kinetic energy remains unchanged, potential energy decreases

D. Both kinetic energy and potential energy increase

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