"Plant Cells" Cells are the basic units of life activities PPT courseware 4

"Plant Cells" Cells are the basic units of life activities PPT courseware 4

Observe plant cell experiments

Purpose requirements:

1. Learn the basic methods of making temporary films;

2. Understand the basic structure of plant cells;

3. Practice drawing cell structure diagrams.

Method steps:

1. Preparation of temporary onion scale leaf epidermal cell sheets

1. Preparation; 2. Production; 3. Dyeing.

2. Observe temporary film installation;

3. Practice drawing simple diagrams of cell structures.

Preparation and observation of temporary mounts of plant cells

1 Correctly sequence the following steps for making temporary mounts:

1 Exhibition: Flatten it and place it in the center of the water droplet.

2 Tear: Use tweezers to tear off a piece from the inner epidermis of the onion scale leaf.

3 drops: Use a dropper to place a drop of water in the center of the slide

4 Wipe: Wipe water droplets from slides and coverslips

5 Aspiration: Use absorbent paper to aspirate from the other side of the coverslip to allow the dye solution to infiltrate the specimen.

6 Staining: Put a drop of iodine solution on one side of the coverslip

7. Cover: Cover the cover slip and gradually lower it from the water droplet side to prevent the generation of air bubbles.

2. Production steps

Prepare

1. Wipe the slides and coverslips clean with clean gauze.

2. Place the slide on the test stand and use a dropper to drop a drop of water in the center of the slide.

Use tweezers to remove a small piece of the transparent membrane inner epidermis from the inside of the onion scale leaf.

Dip the torn off inner epidermis into the water droplets on the slide and flatten it with tweezers.

Use tweezers to pick up the cover slip so that one side of it touches the water droplets on the slide first, then slowly lower it down and cover the material to be observed.

3. Dyeing steps

Place a drop of dilute iodine solution on one side of the coverslip.

Use absorbent paper to absorb the stain from the other side of the coverslip so that the dye solution infiltrates the entire specimen.

Thought questions:

1. How to distinguish cells and bubbles in the microscope field of view?

Generally speaking, bubbles appear as images with darker, wider edges in the microscope field of view, and are round or oval in shape. There is often a blank inside. Press lightly with the tip of tweezers, and the bubbles will deform or move.

2. A stain appears in the microscope field of view. Is there any way you can tell whether the stain is on the objective or the eyepiece?

Move the slide while observing. If the dirt moves with it, the dirt is on the slide;

Move the eyepiece while observing. If the dirt moves with it, the dirt is on the eyepiece;

If you have tried all the above and the dirt does not rotate, then the dirt is on the objective lens.

Class exercises:

1. Find the difference game

1 Plant cells do not have cell walls.

2 Cell membranes contain genetic material.

3 Squeezing the fruit produces juice, which mainly comes from the cell nucleus.

4 The glass slide made by tearing off the inner epidermis of onion scale leaves is called a smear.

5 The cell structure that is not easily visible under a light microscope is the nucleus.

2. Quick answer questions

1. In order to prevent or reduce the generation of bubbles in the temporary mounting slide, the coverslip should be ( )

A Place the coverslip flat on the slide

B Add a few drops of water beforehand

C Let one side of the cover slip touch the water droplet on the slide, and press it hard

D Let one side of the coverslip touch the water droplets on the slide and lay it flat gently

2. In plant cells, the structure that supports and protects cells is ( )

A cell wall B cell membrane C cytoplasm D cell nucleus

3. Use a microscope to observe the epidermal cells of onion scales. They can be observed in the field of view ( )

A closely arranged and oval

B is tightly arranged and rectangular

C is loosely arranged and oval

D is arranged in a loose, rectangular shape

4. The structure of cells from outside to inside is ( )

A cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm

B cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

C cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm

D cell wall, nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm

5. When observing the temporary film installation, if you see a circle with a bright center and dark periphery in the field of vision, the circle may be ( )

A Dirt B Bubbles C Cells D Ink

2. Picture recognition questions

1. Name each structure in the picture.

1 cell wall 2 cell membrane 3 chloroplast

4 Nucleus 5 Vacuole 6 Cytoplasm

2. Structure ① It has a protective and _____ effect on cells. The structure containing cell fluid is _____; the structure containing genetic material is _____;

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