"Physical Properties of Metal Materials" Metal PPT Courseware 2

"Physical Properties of Metal Materials" Metal PPT Courseware 2

1. Physical properties of metals

Read discussion

1. What physical properties do metals have in common?

2. Which physical properties of different metals are quite different?

3. How do the properties of metals determine their respective uses?

4. Answer “The Best of Metal”

It is solid at room temperature, has metallic luster, is mostly a conductor of electricity and heat, is ductile, has a high density, and has a high melting point. (different from non-metals)

Summary: Except for solid mercury at room temperature, the luster is mostly silvery white.

Copper purple gold is a special case, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, ductility

Discuss and answer the following questions:

1. Why are kitchen knives, sickles, hammers, etc. made of iron instead of lead?

2. Silver conducts electricity better than copper. Why are wires generally made of copper instead of silver?

3. Why is the filament in the light bulb made of tungsten instead of tin? What might happen if it were made of tin?

4. Why are some iron products such as faucets plated with chrome? What about gold plating?

2. Alloy

Read discussion

1. What is alloy?

2. How do the properties of an alloy change compared with the metals that make it up?

3. What are our commonly used alloys?

1. Alloy

A mixture of metallic characteristics resulting from the fusion of a metal with other metals or nonmetals.

2. Comparison of the properties of alloys and the metals that make them up

The hardness increases, the melting point decreases, and some alloys have properties such as high strength, corrosion resistance, and strong magnetism.

do you know?

1. Metal

1. Properties of metals: Most metals are silver-white, solid, shiny, conductive of electricity and heat, have high melting points, high density, and are ductile.

2. The characteristic density, melting point, hardness, etc. of metals vary greatly.

3. Purpose Consider many factors when considering the purpose of a material.

2. Alloy

1. Definition: A substance with metallic characteristics formed by the fusion of a metal with other metals or non-metals.

2. Alloys generally have higher hardness and lower melting points than the metals that make them up. Some alloys also have properties such as high strength, corrosion resistance, and strong magnetism.

3. Chemical Properties of Metals

Read discussion

1. Can all metals react with oxygen? What are the differences in the conditions under which various metals react with oxygen?

2. Why can aluminum and iron react with dilute hydrochloric acid to release hydrogen, but copper cannot?

3. Why can both aluminum and iron react with copper sulfate solution, but copper cannot react with aluminum sulfate or ferrous sulfate?

4. What is the order of metal activity?

5. What is a displacement reaction? What is the basis for substitution reaction to occur?

6. What is the reaction principle for producing hydrogen in the laboratory? How about the installation picture?

4. Displacement reaction

1. Definition: The reaction of one element and one compound to produce another element and another compound.

2. General formula: A + BC = AC + B "one for one"

5. Metal activity sequence

K Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Sn Pb H Cu Hg Ag Pt Au

Potassium Calcium Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Zinc Iron Tin Lead Hydrogen Copper Mercury Silver Platinum Gold

Metal activity from strong to weak

illustrate:

1. The closer it is to the front, the more mobile it is. Potassium is the most active and gold is the least active.

2. The metal before hydrogen can displace hydrogen from the acid (dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid), but the metal after hydrogen cannot. (Concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid will not work)

3. The metal in the front can displace the metal in the back from its salt solution

4. Under the same conditions, the metal in the front position reacts more violently with acid.

Note: K Ca Na is extremely metallic and its reaction is not required in junior high schools.

1. Determine whether the following substances can react? If possible,

Write the relevant chemical equation.

(1) Silver and dilute hydrochloric acid (2) Zinc and copper sulfate solution

(3) Copper and zinc sulfate solution (4) Aluminum and silver nitrate solution

(5) Silver and copper chloride solution (6) Magnesium and ferrous sulfate solution

Answer: Reactive: (2) (4) (6)

Chemical equation:

(2)Zn + CuSO4 = Cu + ZnSO4

(4)Al +3AgNO3 = Al(NO3)3 + 3Ag

(6)Mg + FeSO4 = MgSO4 +Fe

How to determine metal activity

1. Judge based on the difficulty of the reaction between metal and oxygen and the severity of the reaction phenomenon;

2. The intensity of the reaction between metal and acid;

3. Can metals react with solutions of metal compounds?

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"Physical Properties of Metal Materials" Metal PPT Courseware 3:

"Physical Properties of Metal Materials" Metal PPT Courseware 3 Learning Objectives 1. Understand the physical properties of metals, and know the relationship between the properties and uses of substances 2. People understand that similar substances have both commonality and individual characteristics 3. Understand alloys and their Characteristics, know several common...

"Physical Properties of Metal Materials" Metal PPT courseware:

"Physical Properties of Metallic Materials" Metal PPT Courseware Metallic materials refer to pure metals and their alloys, collectively called metallic materials. Common physical properties of metals Most metals are silvery white Most metals are solid Most metals are shiny Most metals can conduct electricity...