"Peach Blossom Spring" PPT quality courseware

"Peach Blossom Spring" PPT quality courseware

Part One: First Lesson

learning target

1. Memorize the pronunciations of the characters "俨" in "佨Ran", "Jian" in "interval", "诣" in "忣太史", and "Sui" in "Suimi"; memorize the pronunciations of "Cuibi" and "Sigh" by heart. The glyphs of "骥" and other characters; understand the meanings of "suddenly enlightened", "yao", "yan", "help" and "Xun"; read and recite the text thoroughly on the basis of understanding the main idea of ​​the text.

2. Understand the social ideals written by the author and the thoughts and feelings embedded in the article. (emphasis)

3. Learn the writing techniques of realistic scenes and virtual scenes in this article, as well as the characteristics of clear narrative context and vivid descriptions. (difficulty)

4. Cherish the good life and establish a positive attitude towards life. (literacy)

Knowledge for future reference

About the Author

Tao Yuanming (about 365-427), a poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Also known as Qian, with the courtesy name Yuanliang and private posthumous title Jingjie, he was born in Chaisang, Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi). Good at poetry and prose. Most of his poems describe pastoral scenery and scenes of life in rural areas, which often imply his disgust for the dirty officialdom, his unwillingness to join in the corruption, and his yearning for a peaceful society; he also often writes about his anxiety about the short life and his desire to conform to nature. The concept of life of happiness and peace of mind has more philosophical elements. Its artistic characteristics are both plain and hearty; its language is simple and natural, yet quite concise, and has a unique style. His representative works include the prose "Record of Peach Blossom Spring", the poems "Returning to Come" and "Xianqing Fu". There is "Tao Yuanming Collection".

Background information

This article is the "preface" to Tao Yuanming's "Poetry in Peach Blossom Spring". The writing date was around 421, when Tao Yuanming had retired to his countryside for 16 years.

In June of the second year of Yuanxi, Liu Yu deposed Emperor Gong of Jin as King Lingling and changed his reign title to "Yongchu". The following year, Liu Yu adopted conspiracy methods and killed Emperor Gong of Jin with poisoned wine. These cannot help but stir up waves in Tao Yuanming's thoughts. Starting from his inherent Confucian concepts, he became dissatisfied with Liu Yu's regime and deepened his hatred of the real society. However, he was unable to change and was unwilling to interfere with this status quo, so he had no choice but to use creation to express his feelings and create a beautiful realm that was opposite to the dirty and dark society to express his ideals and beautiful tastes.

overall perception

Read the text emotionally, paying attention to rhythm and pauses.

In the middle of Jin/Taiyuan, the people of Wuling made fishing their main occupation. They were attracted by the river and forgot about the distance of the road. Suddenly I came across a peach blossom forest, a few hundred steps across the bank, with no trees in the middle, the fragrant grass was delicious, the fallen flowers were colorful, and the fishermen were very different; I walked forward again, wanting to be exhausted in the forest.

When the forest/water source ends, you will find/a mountain with a small mouth, as if there is light. Then leave the boat and enter through the mouth. At the beginning, he was extremely narrow-minded and talented. After dozens of steps, I suddenly became enlightened. The land is flat and the houses are neat, with fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and bamboos. Streets/traffic, chickens and dogs/hearing each other. Among them, the men and women are dressed like outsiders. Yellow hair / hanging down, and / contentedly.

When he saw the fisherman, he was shocked and asked where he had come from. Have/Answer. I want to return home and set up wine and kill chickens for food. I heard about this person in the village and came to inquire. Ziyun escaped the chaos of the Qin Dynasty in his ancestors and led his wife to come here to the desperate situation. He never left, so he was separated from outsiders. I asked what era this is, but I don’t know if there was Han, no matter if it was Wei or Jin. This person/everything/heard/said/sighed with sadness. The rest of the people returned to their homes and drank wine.

Food. Stop for a few days and resign. The person/language in this article goes: "Not enough/for an outsider/the Tao!"

After getting out and getting the boat, he helped him to the road and looked for it everywhere. And / the county, the / prefect, said / so. The prefect/immediately/sent people to follow him in search of his direction/aspiration, but he became lost and could no longer find his way.

Nanyang Liu Ziji, a noble scholar, heard about it and went there happily. Unsuccessful, he/she died of illness. Later/then no one cared about it.

Translation: During the Taiyuan period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a man in Wuling County who made a living by fishing. One day he was rowing along the stream and forgot the distance. Suddenly I came across a peach blossom forest, growing on both sides of the stream, hundreds of steps long, with no other trees in the middle. Fragrant grasses were everywhere, fresh and beautiful, with fallen flowers in abundance. The fisherman was very surprised by this and continued to walk forward, hoping to reach the end of the forest.

Translation: At the end of the peach grove, where the stream originates, a mountain appears. There is a small cave entrance on the mountain, and there is a faint light in the cave. The fisherman then got off the boat and entered through the entrance of the cave. At first, the entrance to the cave was very narrow, allowing only one person to pass through. After walking a few dozen steps, it suddenly became open and bright. What appeared in front of him was a flat and broad land with neat rows of houses, fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees, bamboo forests and the like. The fields and paths are criss-crossing and extending in all directions, and the sounds of cocks and dogs can be heard everywhere in the villages. People are coming and going in the fields, cultivating and working, and both men and women are dressed the same as people outside the Peach Blossom Spring. The elderly and children are both at ease and happy.

Peach Blossom Spring PPT, Part 2 Content: Second Lesson

Classmates, in the last class we clarified the meaning of the text, understood the content of the text, and learned a lot of content words and function words in classical Chinese. In this lesson, we will study the content of the text in depth and sort out the phenomena of classical Chinese.

collaborative inquiry

After studying this article, what kind of place do you think Peach Blossom Spring is?

① It is a beautiful place with elegant environment and beautiful scenery. The peach groves are beautiful, the land is beautiful, the houses are beautiful, the fields and ponds are beautiful, the mulberry trees and bamboos are beautiful, and the streets are beautiful.

②It is a mysterious place. The peach forest is mysterious: there are hundreds of steps along the bank, but there are no trees in it; the cave is mysterious: it seems like there is light, and its shape is strange; the people in the forest are mysterious: it is not known that there are Han people, regardless of Wei and Jin; the ending is mysterious: the road is no longer found, and the exploration is unsuccessful. .

③It is a happy place. With yellow hair hanging down in a bun, they are happy (peace and stability, plenty of food and clothing); men and women go about farming (no war, living and working in peace and contentment); the villagers entertain fishermen and kill chickens for food, and they all get wine and food (democracy and equality, simple folk customs).

Does such a beautiful, magical and happy place really exist in the world? Where can this be seen from the text?

It doesn't exist, it's the author's fiction.

When the fisherman left, he "went to the road" and "aimed at everything". Later, he "looked for the direction", but "got lost and never found the road again." Nanyang Liu Ziyi "went there happily", but "he failed and ended up seeking illness".

Why did Tao Yuanming fabricate such a "Peach Blossom Spring"?

The author's fictional paradise is in contrast to the real society in which the author lives. The fictional paradise is a kind of spiritual sustenance for the author who is dissatisfied with social reality. It expresses the author's political ideals that desire to change the dark reality, expresses the author's strong dissatisfaction with the dark reality, expresses the author's pursuit of peace, tranquility, and a beautiful and happy life, and reflects the strong desire of the working people to oppose oppression and war.

"The Peach Blossom Spring" is a fictional work with a strong subjective ideal color, but it gives people a "realistic" effect when read. How did the author accomplish this?

(1) The path to and from the Peach Blossom Spring is real and concrete, and seems to be traceable. When the fisherman left, he "thought about everything" and what he experienced was real and tangible. In addition, the boat, the means of transportation used by fishermen to travel, is also a common sight. All of these are human experiences, without any fantasy fairyland colors, and they all feel real.

(2) Although the Peach Blossom Spring is beautiful, it is also a scene of peace and prosperity in the human world, not a fairyland.

(3) The two characters designed at the beginning and end of the article both seem real and credible. The opening chapter uses the experience of a fisherman as a clue to unfold the full text. The explanation at the beginning, the era, and the fisherman's place of origin are all written very definitely, and it seems to be true; the Liu Ziji mentioned at the end is a real person who existed at the time, which adds to the authenticity of the story.

Class summary

Summarize the topic

This article uses the fisherman's whereabouts as a clue to describe what he saw and heard in the Peach Blossom Spring, depicting a peaceful and tranquil "Utopia" without war, exploitation and oppression, and expressing the author's understanding of the dark rule of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the long-term war, The people's strong dissatisfaction with the social reality of poverty and their incomparable yearning for an ideal society reflect the people's strong desire to get rid of exploitation and oppression and use their own labor to create a peaceful and happy life.

Insights after learning

When Tao Yuanming was an official, he did not give up for five buckets of rice, and did not lose his character; when he was poor, he was content with poverty, did not complain, did not make things difficult for himself, and spent his life with a peaceful mind. It can be seen that a normal mind is very important. For us, life is definitely not smooth sailing, and we will inevitably encounter various ups and downs, but we must face it correctly, calm down in a timely manner, and overcome difficulties, so that we can be on the road of life. Go better and further.

Writing features

❶Create doubts at every level to stimulate interest.

The beginning does not specify the exact year or place name, but only says that the protagonist is a fisherman. Then he wrote about the wonders of the peach forest, but did not tell its exact location because the fisherman had "forgot how far the road was". The passage in the peach forest is even more peculiar. The entrance is small and "as if there is something there"

"Light", the road is "extremely narrow" but can be "passed", which is exactly the scene of "cave heaven and blessed land". When the fisherman entered the Peach Blossom Spring, another vivid picture of human life appeared in front of him. However, later the fisherman After going out and looking for it again, all the marks that had been made disappeared, and the Peach Blossom Spring seemed to have become an illusory world again, with no trace to be found. Finally, I made a false note and said that the noble scholar Liu Ziji "went there happily", for the curious It brought a glimmer of hope to the readers, but Liu Ziji "failed" and died of illness. This writing method of raising doubts expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of hoping to see an ideal society in reality, and can also arouse the interest of readers.

❷The language is simple, accurate and concise.

At the beginning of the article, only 19 words are used to explain the time, characters and beginning of the story, "In the Taiyuan period of the Jin Dynasty, the people of Wuling were fishing. They traveled by the stream and forgot the distance of the road." The second paragraph describes the scene of the Peach Blossom Spring in just over a hundred words, but it outlines an extremely moving scene. From the land and houses in Peach Blossom Spring, to the clothing of men, women, old and young, and their mental state, it is written in depth and in order, without a single superfluous word. In this article, the author also showed superb generalization ability and used the right words and phrases. For example, when a mountain man saw a fisherman and asked him where he came from, the poet did not repeat the process of the fisherman entering the Peach Blossom Spring. He only wrote three words "Guanshizhi", which summarized the entire answer of the fisherman; When people see the prefect talking about the situation in the Peach Blossom Spring, they only use the word "such" to summarize everything the fisherman saw and heard in the Peach Blossom Spring.

Classroom testing

1. The underlined word in the following sentence is not an ancient or modern synonym ()

A. The grass is delicious and the fallen flowers are colorful

B.As if there is light

C. led his wife to come to this desperate situation

D. What this person said one by one made everyone sigh.

2. Which of the underlined words in the following sentences is incorrectly explained ()

A. Then separate from outsiders (cut off, isolate)

B. Traffic (interconnected)

C. I don’t know that there are Chinese people (adverb, unexpectedly, unexpectedly)

D. Not enough for outsiders (preposition, right, to)

3. Among the following sentences, one of the following sentences contains the word "tongqi" ()

A. The grass is delicious and the fallen flowers are colorful

B. I want to return home, where I will drink wine and kill chickens for food.

C. Not enough for outsiders

D. Searching for the desired direction, you get lost and can no longer find your way.

Homework

What does the peach blossom garden look like in your mind? Picture it.

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