"Voltage" Voltage and Resistance PPT Courseware 2

Description

"Voltage" Voltage and Resistance PPT Courseware 2

1. Voltage

1. The meaning of voltage

For there to be current in a circuit, there must be voltage across it.

The function of the power supply is to provide voltage to both ends of the electrical appliance.

2. Unit of voltage:

International unit: volt (volt), referred to as volt (V).

Commonly used units: kilovolts (kV); millivolts (mV).

Conversion: 1 kV =1 000 V= 103 V

1 mV =0.001 V= 10-3 V

2. Measurement of voltage

1. Voltmeter

Read the instructions:

Purpose

(1) A voltmeter is an instrument for measuring low-value DC voltage;

(2) Connection of commonly used voltmeters;

(3) Usually two measuring ranges are used: (0~3 V) and (0~15 V).

Structure

See the figure for the appearance. The pointer is set to zero at the left end of the scale. There are two scales on the scale, which are 0~3 V and 0~15 V. The zero adjuster is directly below the reading window. The terminals are marked with "—", "3", and "15" respectively, among which the "—" terminal is the common terminal.

use

When measuring the voltage across a component with a DC voltmeter, it should be connected in parallel with the component. The terminal marked "-" should be close to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the other terminal is close to the positive terminal of the power supply. The maximum measured value of the range used must be greater than the voltage across the circuit under test.

When the approximate value of the measured voltage is not known in advance, if it is determined that the measured voltage will not exceed 15 V, you can first use the range with the maximum measurement value of 15 V. If the measured voltage does not exceed 3 V, in order to improve the reading Accuracy, you can instead use a range with a maximum measurement value of 3 V for measurement.

2. Practice measuring voltage with a voltmeter

experiment

(1) How to connect the voltmeter?

(2) Reading of voltmeter

Reading steps:

The first step is to look at the measuring range;

The second step is to look at the minimum graduation value;

The third step is reading.

(3) Manually measure the voltage across the electrical appliance and the voltage across the power supply.

hint

(1) After zero adjustment (adjust the pointer to the zero scale), connect the voltmeter in parallel with the circuit under test (it can only be connected in parallel with the part under test). The "-" terminal is close to the negative pole of the power supply, and "3" or The "15" binding post is located near the positive terminal of the power supply.

(2) The 3 V range uses two terminals "—" and "3", and each small division of the scale is 0.l V, and each large division is 1 V; the 15 V range uses two terminals "—" and "15", and each scale 0.5 V for small divisions and 5 V for each large division.

(3) Estimate the measured voltage and select the appropriate range. If it is determined that the voltage being measured will not exceed 15 V, you can first use the range with the maximum measurement value of 15 V. If the measured voltage does not exceed 3 V, to improve the accuracy of the reading, you can switch to a range with a maximum measurement value of 3 V.

practice

1. What are the readings of the two meters?

2. What are the readings of each of the three meters?

3. Connect the circuit, make the bulb glow and measure the voltage across the bulb with a voltmeter.

4. Draw the corresponding circuit diagram.

Class summary

1. The power supply provides voltage to both ends of the electrical appliance. Voltage is usually represented by the letter U, the unit is volts, and the symbol is V.

2. The voltmeter is connected in parallel with the electrical appliance being measured. The positive and negative terminals must be connected correctly (current flows in from the positive terminal and flows out from the negative terminal). The voltage being measured cannot exceed the maximum measurement value of the voltmeter.

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Update Time: 2024-09-11

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