"New Culture Movement" Revolution of 1911 and the Creation of the Republic of China PPT Courseware

Description

"New Culture Movement" Revolution of 1911 and the Creation of the Republic of China PPT Courseware

Situation import

The New Culture Movement was an ideological and cultural innovation and literary revolution movement that was “anti-traditional, anti-Confucian, and anti-Classical Chinese” initiated by Hu Shi, Chen Duxiu, Lu Xun, Li Dazhao and other people who had received Western education (called new education at the time).

"New Youth" and the New Culture Camp

background:

______ who stole the fruits of the Revolution of 1911, in order to realize __________, promulgated the "Covenant and Laws of the Republic of China" to stipulate ____________________.

However, the concept of democratic republic has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

In order to oppose this countercurrent of respecting Confucius and restoring ancient times, intellectuals such as ______ launched the New Culture Movement.

Reasons for the rise of the New Culture Movement:

(1) Politically: The Beiyang warlords implemented autocratic dictatorship;

(2) Ideologically: Yuan Shikai set off a countercurrent to the restoration of respect for Confucius;

(3) Economically: the rapid development of national capitalism.

Chen Duxiu also put forward six hopes for young people in his article "Advice to Youth":

(1) Free and not slave;

(2) Progressive rather than conservative;

(3) Aggressive rather than reclusive;

(4) Global rather than national;

(5) Practical rather than illusory;

(6) Scientific rather than imaginary.

The main contents of the New Culture Movement

① Promote democracy and oppose autocracy

② Promote science and oppose superstition

③ Promote new morality and oppose old morality

④ Promote new literature and oppose old literature

The New Culture Movement was an ideological enlightenment movement with democracy and science at its core.

"Old Morality"

"Old morality" refers to Confucian ethics. It promotes concepts such as king, father and ministers, and maintains the autocratic monarchy system.

The Tao of Confucius and Mencius, that is, the "old morality" is contrary to the democratic and scientific ideas advocated by the New Culture Movement.

Literary revolution is another important content of the New Culture Movement.

Notable signs:

Promote vernacular and oppose classical Chinese;

Promote new literature and oppose old literature.

Published "A Preliminary Discussion on Literary Reform" in "New Youth" and advocated vernacular literature.

Published "On Literary Revolution" in "New Youth", under the banner of "Literary Revolution", advocating changes in literary content and advocating new literature that is easy to understand and reflects reality.

Window of Learning and Thinking: The Significance of the New Culture Movement

Material 1: "New Youth" is generally welcomed by the majority of young intellectuals and is known as the "golden needle of the youth world" and the "good teacher and helpful friend" of young people. When a young man gets this, it is like hearing a bell in the clear night, like a blow to the head.

The New Culture Movement was an unprecedented __________ movement in the history of our country. It inspires people to pursue __________, explore the truth of __________, and creates conditions for ____________________.

Material two:

"Regardless of political, academic and moral articles, Western methods and Chinese methods are absolutely different and cannot be reconciled or accommodated." "If we are determined to reform, we should adopt new Western methods in everything, and there is no need to mess with the national quintessence and national conditions." ——Chen Duxiu

There is a tendency to absolutely negate or absolutely negate Eastern and Western cultures.

Try to compare the similarities and differences in ideological enlightenment between the New Culture Movement and the Reform Movement of 1898.

difference:

Westernization Movement: advocated Chinese learning as the body and Western learning as the application.

New Culture Movement: advocated democracy and science.

Same point:

All occurred under the emergence and development of the national capitalist economy.

Class exercises

1. The two flags held high by the New Culture Movement are ( )

①Democracy ②Science ③Self-improvement ④Seeking wealth

A, ①② B, ③④ C, ①③ D, ②④

2. The main leadership of the New Culture Movement is ( )

A. Advanced intellectuals

B. Bourgeois Reformists

C. Bourgeois revolutionaries

D. Chinese Communist Party member

3. The New Culture Movement advocates democracy and science. “Democracy” refers to ( )

① Oppose superstition and blind obedience ② Oppose feudal autocracy

③Oppose warlord dictatorship ④Promote bourgeois democratic ideas

A. ①②③ B. ②③④

C. ①③④ D. ①②④

4. After the Opium War, Chinese intellectuals put forward the idea of ​​"learning from the skills of foreigners" and wanted to imitate the advantages of the West and transform Chinese society. Arranged in order of practice, the correct one is ( )

①System ②Ideology and culture ③Utensils

A. ①②③ B. ②③①

C、③①② D、③②①

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Update Time: 2024-09-07

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