"Natural Features and Agriculture" Southern Region PPT Courseware 3

"Natural Features and Agriculture" Southern Region PPT Courseware 3

1. Overview

Location and range:

It is located in the Qinling Mountains-south of the Huaihe River, east of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and faces the East China Sea and the South China Sea in the east and south.

South of 34°N, 98°E~123°E

It mainly includes six provinces and one city in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (E, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai), five provinces and two districts in the southern coastal area (Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Qiong, Hong Kong, and Macao) and the Southwest The region consists of three provinces and one city (Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Chongqing). Among them, most of Sichuan, Anhui and Jiangsu and parts of Shaanxi, Gansu and Henan.

2. Natural features of the southern region:

1.Topographic features

The terrain in the south is complex and diverse, with obvious differences between east and west. The west is dominated by plateaus and basins; the east has staggered plains, low mountains and hills, and there are larger plains and deltas along the river, mainly located on the second and third steps:

(1) The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River plain include Jianghan, Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, Taihu Lake, Chaohu Plain, and the Yangtze River Delta;

(2) Sichuan Basin (purple soil is fertile);

(3) Southeast hills include Jiangnan hills, Zhejiang and Fujian hills, and Guangdong and Guangxi hills;

(4) Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (many karst landforms, Bazi is an agricultural area);

(5) Pearl River Delta (both commercial grain bases, mostly paddy soil);

(6) Hengduan Mountains, Nanling Mountains, Wuyi Mountains, Daba Mountains, Xuefeng Mountains, Dabie Mountains, Wushan Mountains, etc.

2.Climate:

(1) Climate type: Mainly tropical and subtropical monsoon climate.

(2) Climate characteristics:

①The summer is hot and rainy, the winter is warm and humid, with rain and heat at the same time.

The southern region has lower latitudes, the average temperature in the hottest month is 28-30℃, and the average temperature in January is above 0℃.

②Annual precipitation is greater than 800 mm

The southeastern coast and windward slopes of mountains receive the most precipitation.

For example, the eastern slope of the Taiwan Mountains is more than 3000mm, while the western plains and Fujian coast are in the rain shadow area and are only about 1000mm; the average annual precipitation in Huoshaoliao in northeastern Taiwan is 6557.8mm, with the highest record reaching 8408mm, making it the "rain pole" in my country.

Precipitation is unevenly distributed throughout the seasons. Mainly concentrated in the summer half of the year, the rainy season becomes shorter from south to north.

③The climate in the Hengduan Mountains changes greatly vertically.

④Meiyu and drought in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

Every year, plum rains occur in the plain areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from June to July, and drought occurs from July to August (high temperatures in summer include Chongqing, Wuhan, and Nanjing, which are the three major hotpots along the Yangtze River).

⑤ Cold waves in winter and typhoons in summer and autumn in coastal areas are the main disastrous weather.

Sichuan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guizhou, and Yunnan are less affected by the cold wave. Although frequent typhoons from July to September can bring wind disasters and floods to the southeastern coast, due to the formation of latent drought, the precipitation brought by typhoons can play a role in alleviating the drought.

3. Agriculture in the South:

1. Mainly paddy fields: The climate in this area is hot and humid, and the water and heat conditions are superior. In the plain areas, the terrain is low and flat, with dense rivers and lakes, and good irrigation conditions. The paddy fields are concentrated and contiguous. In the mountainous areas, paddy fields are scattered in river valleys and gentle slopes, and the cultivated land is mainly paddy fields.

2. Farming system: two to three crops a year

3. Main crops: Rice is the main food crop, as well as rapeseed (Yangtze River Basin), sugarcane (Guangxi, Guangdong, and Yunnan), silkworms (Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Sichuan Basin), tea, freshwater fish, and natural rubber (Hainan Island). , Leizhou Peninsula, Xishuangbanna in southern Yunnan), citrus, banana, mango, lychee, longan, pineapple, coconut and other specialty agricultural products.

[Natural features of the southern region]

Scope: The southern region is located south of _______, south of the Inner Mongolia Plateau, east of _______, bounded by the _______ Sea to the east and the _______ Sea to the south.

2. terrain:_______. There are obvious differences between the east and west. The west is dominated by _______ and _______, the east has staggered _______, _______ and _______, and there are larger areas of _______ and _______ along the river.

3. Climate: The latitude is low, the temperature in January is above _______, and the precipitation is above _______. It has a _______ climate, and its climate characteristics are _______.

4. Soil: People often refer to the southern region as "_______".

5. Vegetation Types:_______.

【Agriculture in the South】

6. The type of cultivated land in the south is _______. Mainly planted _______, also planted _______, _______, _______, etc. It is rich in tropical and subtropical fruits such as _______, _______, _______, ______ and ______, bananas and pineapples.

7. Find favorable conditions for developing agriculture in the northern region. (mark it in the book)

【Classroom Test】

1. Southern region eastward ( )

A: Bohai Sea B: East China Sea C: Yellow Sea D: Qiongzhou Strait

2. The following belong to the terrain area of ​​the southern region ( )

A: Inner Mongolia Plateau B: Sichuan Basin C: Loess Plateau D: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

3. The following are favorable factors for agricultural development in the southern region ( )

A: The plain area is large B: The water and heat conditions are superior C: There is less precipitation D: The cultivated land is concentrated and contiguous

4. Which of the following climate types belong to the southern region ( )

5. Which of the following is not a major crop in the south ( )

A sugar cane B tea C apple D rice

6. In winter, the climate in the Sichuan Basin is warmer than that in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River plains at the same latitude. The main reason is ( )

A.Latitude factor B.Sea and land factor C.Topography factor D.Ocean current influence

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