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Authoritative PPT Summary
"Mutation of Biology" PPT courseware on the inheritance and variation of biology
What is mutation?
Variation refers to the differences between parents and offspring or between individual offspring.
Variation exists within the same species (oilseed rape)
1. Biological variation is common in the biological world
Analysis discussion questions:
(1) If the seeds of large peanuts are planted in poor soil, the fruits will be small, and if the seeds of small peanuts are planted in fertile soil, the fruits will be large. What causes this difference?
(2) If these two fruits are planted in the same soil, what will happen to the fruits they produce?
The fruits of large peanuts are still relatively large on the whole, and the fruits of small peanuts are still relatively small on the whole.
2. Types of biological variation
Non-heritable variation: caused solely by changes in the environment
Heritable variation: caused by changes in genetic material
(1) Gene mutation
Concept: The structure of genes changes, thereby changing the genetic traits controlled.
(2) Genetic recombination
Concept: During the sexual reproduction of organisms, the genes that control different traits are recombined.
(3) Chromosomal variation
Concept: Variations in genetic traits caused by changes in the structure and number of chromosomes.
Homework
Treating beet seedlings with a chemical can double the number of chromosomes in the cells. Such beets have a high sugar content. Do you think this mutation can be inherited?
Changes in genetic material that can be inherited
Practice one practice
1. A certain self-pollinating plant only blooms red flowers for several consecutive years and one white flower at a time. The descendants of the white-flowered plant all bloom white flowers. The reason for its variation is ( )
A. Gene separation B. Gene recombination C. Gene mutation D. Environmental influence
2. In animals that undergo sexual reproduction, there are always some differences between parents and offspring. The main reason for this difference is ( ).
A. Gene separation B. Gene recombination C. Gene mutation D. Environmental influence
3. Gene mutation ( ); genetic recombination ( ).
A. Produce new genes but not form new genotypes
B. Generate new genes and form new genotypes
C. No new genes are produced and new genotypes are formed.
D. No new genes are produced or new genotypes are formed.
4. The offspring of sexual reproduction have greater variability. The most fundamental reason is ( )
Increased frequency of A gene mutations
B There are many opportunities for structural variation of chromosomes
C There are many opportunities to generate new gene combinations
D is more susceptible to mutation due to environmental influences
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"Mutation of Biology" PPT courseware:
"Mutation of Biology" PPT Courseware Part One: The Phenomenon of Biological Mutation: There are always more or less differences between the parents and offspring of an organism, as well as between individuals of the offspring. This is the phenomenon of biological variation. Thinking: What is the reason why organisms mutate?...
"Mutation of Biology" PPT courseware:
"Mutation of Biology" PPT Courseware Part One: The Phenomenon of Biological Mutation: There are always more or less differences between the parents and offspring of an organism, as well as between individuals of the offspring. This is the phenomenon of biological variation. Thinking: What is the reason why organisms mutate?...
"Mutation of Biology" PPT:
"Mutation of Biology" PPT Part One: Review Introduction What is mutation of biology? It refers to the differences between parents and offspring. Is variation a common phenomenon in the biological world? Can you give some examples? Can variation be inherited? Can you give an example...