《Music》SectionⅣ PPT courseware

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《Music》SectionⅣ PPT courseware

past participle as predicate and adverbial

Overall breakthrough in grammar

1. Past participle as predicate

1.Basic usage

[Collaborative inquiry]

From now on I will not be much too discouraged at failures.

From now on, I won't be too discouraged by failure.

On the first day of new term, we remained seated, excited, waiting for our new teacher turning up.

On the first day of the new semester, we sat in the classroom excitedly, waiting for the arrival of the new teacher.

[Autonomous discovery 1]

The past participle can be placed after the linking verbs ____________, ____________, get, feel, seem, look, become, etc. as a predicate to form a "subject-department-table" structure to express the state of the subject.

[Famous Teacher Reminder]

Many past participles used as predicates already have the nature of adjectives, such as: tired, amused, pleased, etc.

2. The difference between the past participle as a predicative and the passive voice

[Collaborative inquiry]

The window is broken. The window is broken. (state)

The window was broken by Tom. The window was broken by Tom. (action)

[Autonomous Discovery 2]

The past participle is used as a predicate to express the ________ of the subject, often after the linking verbs such as be, get, and remain; while the passive voice expresses the passive ________, usually composed of the auxiliary verb be (sometimes also used get), which can be followed by _______ _Introduce the executor of the action.

3. The difference between present participle and past participle used as predicatives

[Collaborative inquiry]

At this very moment, my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining.

Just then, my parents came back. They were very surprised to see that all the houses were neat and the floors were shiny.

His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged.

His words were discouraging and left many people discouraged.

2. Past participle as adverbial

1. The function and position of past participle as adverbial

[Collaborative inquiry]

Built many centuries ago, the temple looks rather bad.

The temple was built centuries ago and looks terrible.

Discussed many times, the problem was settled.

After much discussion, the issue was finally resolved.

He rushed in, followed by his classmates. He rushed in, followed by his classmates.

[Autonomous Discovery 4]

(1) The past participle is used as an adverbial, and its logical subject is often the subject of the sentence, and the subject is the recipient of the action expressed by the past participle, that is, the action expressed by the past participle forms a verb-object relationship with the subject of the sentence.

(2) When the past participle is used as an adverbial of condition, reason or time, it is usually placed in ________; when it is used as an accompanying adverbial, it is usually placed at the end of the sentence; when it is used as an adverbial of manner, it is usually placed in ________, sometimes at the beginning of the sentence; When used as an adverbial of concession, it is usually placed at the beginning of the sentence, and sometimes it can be placed at the end of the sentence.

2. Types of past participles used as adverbials

[Collaborative inquiry]

Asked what had happened (＝When he was asked what had happened), he lowered his head. When asked what had happened, he lowered his head.

Absorbed in painting (＝As he was absorbed in painting), John didn’t notice evening approaching. As he was absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.

Given another hour (＝If I am given another hour), I can also work out this problem.

If you give me another hour, I can solve this problem.

Beaten by the opposite team(＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team), we didn’t lose heart and encouraged each other.

Although we were defeated by the other team, we did not lose heart and encouraged each other.

The woman scientist entered the lab, followed by her assistants.

The female scientist entered the laboratory, followed by her assistant.

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Update Time: 2024-11-08

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