"Molecular Composition of Matter" Heat and Energy PPT Courseware

"Molecular Composition of Matter" Heat and Energy PPT Courseware

Import new lesson

1. What are the basic units that constitute the structure and function of sugarcane?

2. What are the main substances contained in sugarcane juice?

Experiment 1: Observing sucrose

1. Use a magnifying glass to observe a square piece of sucrose. What do you see?

2. After crushing the square sucrose, look at it with a magnifying glass. What do you see?

3. Dissolve the crushed sucrose into water and use a magnifying glass to observe the sugar water. Can you still see the sucrose? Has sucrose disappeared?

think

1. Has sucrose disappeared? How to prove it?

The sweetness of the sugar water indicates that the sucrose has not disappeared but is dispersed into the water in the form of particles.

2. Since the sucrose is still in the water, why can’t it be seen?

It turns out that these small particles can be divided into smaller particles in water, which cannot be seen even with an ordinary microscope.

We call these particles molecules.

A molecule is a particle that makes up matter.

Note: Not all substances are made of molecules. Some substances are made of atoms and ions.

Scientific inquiry: Water is made of water molecules, alcohol is made of alcohol molecules,…

So are the molecules that make up matter tightly packed together, or are there certain gaps between them?

group experiment

Step 1: Pour black beans into the measuring cylinder (about 2/3)

Step 2: Add rice to the measuring cylinder (add to 100ml)

Step 3: Cover the mouth of the measuring cylinder with your hand and gently shake the measuring cylinder

Think about it:

There are gaps between the black beans, and rice can enter the gaps between the black beans, so the total volume is reduced.

Do it:

1. Use a syringe to draw out a certain amount of water. One student holds the mouth of the syringe with his hand, and the other student pushes the piston to observe the changes in the water and the piston.

2. Use a syringe to remove a certain amount of air. One student holds the mouth of the syringe with his hand, and the other student pushes the piston to observe the changes in the air and piston.

Practice in class

1. A molecule is a particle of __________.

There are _________ between molecules.

2. Mix 1 liter of water and 1 liter of alcohol evenly, and the total volume will be ______2 liters. This is because there are ______ between the molecules.

3. When ice melts into water, its volume will become smaller. This means that the gaps between water molecules in ice are ______ than the gaps between water molecules in water.

Water is composed of ( ), oxygen is composed of ( ), and alcohol is composed of ( ).

judge:

1. Matter is composed of molecules. ( )

2. A molecule is a particle that constitutes a substance ( )

3. All matter is composed of molecules. ( )

Classroom testing

1. Regarding the expression of molecules, the correct statement is [ ]

A. Molecules are the only particles that make up matter

B． A molecule is a particle that makes up matter

2. Regarding the phenomenon of diffusion, the correct statement below is [ ]

A. Diffusion cannot occur between solids and liquids

B. Diffusion cannot occur between solids, liquids, and gases

C. Diffusion speed has nothing to do with temperature

D. Diffusion phenomenon shows that molecules are in constant motion

3. Among the three states of matter composed of molecules, the distance between molecules is the largest ( ) and the distance between molecules is the smallest ( )

A. Gaseous state B. Liquid state

C. Solid state D. Depends on the specific substance

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"Molecular Composition of Matter" Heat and Energy PPT Courseware 2:

"Molecular Composition of Matter" Heat and Energy PPT Courseware 2 What is a molecule? The smallest particle that keeps the original properties of a substance unchanged is called a molecule * The molecule is very small, with a diameter of about 10-10m * The number of molecules is huge. How big is the number of molecules at normal temperatures and pressures? Down, 1cm3 of water...