"Ming and Qing Culture with Distinctive Characteristics of the Era II" Consolidation of a Unified Multi-Ethnic Country and Social Crisis PPT Courseware

"Ming and Qing Culture with Distinctive Characteristics of the Era II" Consolidation of a Unified Multi-Ethnic Country and Social Crisis PPT Courseware

Curriculum Standards

Take the novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties as examples to understand the literary achievements of ancient China.

knowledge and abilities

Understand the authors, content and themes of the four major classical literary masterpieces in ancient my country, cultivate the ability to read and appreciate literary and artistic works, and understand the relationship between historical events, historical figures and literary works.

Emotional attitudes and values

Cultivate the ability to judge truth, goodness, beauty, fakeness, evil and ugliness, and establish a correct outlook on life and values. Inspire the love for national culture, pay attention to the future and destiny of national culture, and take it as our responsibility to carry forward national culture.

focus

The authors, content and themes of the four major literary classics.

difficulty

The relationship between the content and ideological themes of the four major literary masterpieces and the background of the times.

Review the past and learn the new

(1) What was the greatest literary achievement of the Tang Dynasty?

(2) What was the greatest literary achievement of the Song Dynasty?

(3) Who was the famous dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty? What is your representative work?

(4) What was the greatest literary achievement during the Ming and Qing Dynasties?

1. The peak of classical novels

Ming and Qing Dynasties - the mature stage of classical novel creation

What are the manifestations of the Ming and Qing Dynasties entering the mature stage of classical novel creation?

(1) "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" written in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties is the earliest full-length historical novel in my country. Author: Luo Guanzhong

(2) "Water Margin" written in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties is my country's first full-length novel with the theme of peasant uprising. Author: Shi Naian

(3) "Journey to the West" written in the mid-Ming Dynasty is a long mythological novel full of romanticism. Author: Wu Chengen

Talk about it

Have you read "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"? How many chapters are there? Which episode are you most interested in? What is the theme of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"?

What are the reasons for the rapid development of novels during the Ming and Qing Dynasties?

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the prosperity of commerce, the rise of cities and the printing industry, novels suitable for the common people to read and appreciate developed rapidly.

2. The prosperity of drama

1. Drama performances—an important cultural activity for urban and rural people during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

2. Tang Xianzu - "The Peony Pavilion"

3. The formation of Peking Opera - based on Anhui tune and Han tune (mid-19th century)

The prosperity of ancient Chinese opera──Peking Opera

production process

1. It is an eclectic mix of Qin Opera, Kun Opera and other tunes, and incorporates a large amount of Beijing vocabulary into it.

2. Combine the two vocal styles of Xipi and Erhuang, and gradually form a fairly complete artistic style and performance system.

3. By around 1840, the singing, narration, script and performance of Peking Opera had matured. From then on, an independent opera type - Peking Opera was born.

Talk about it

Do you like Peking Opera? Do you know how Peking Opera was formed and who is its founder? What is the most important musical instrument in Peking Opera? How many Peking operas have you watched?

3. Achievements in calligraphy and painting

Tang Yin was born in the Yin month, Yin day and Yin time in the sixth year of Chenghua, Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty, so he was named Yin, with the courtesy name Bohu, the nickname Liuru Jushi, the master of Taohua nunnery, etc., and was a native of Wuxian County (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). When he was in his 20s, his family suffered a series of misfortunes. His parents, wife, and sister died one after another, and his family declined. Under the advice of his friend Zhu Yunming, he concentrated on studying. At the age of 29, he participated in the Yingtianfu public examination and won the first place "Jie Yuan". At the age of 30, he went to Beijing to take the examination, but was implicated in a fraud case in the examination room. From then on, he made a living by selling paintings. Tang Yin was cynical and talented. He was good at poetry and prose. He was known as the "Four Talents of Jiangnan" together with Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming and Xu Zhenqing. In terms of painting, he was also known as the "Four Wumen" with Shen Zhou, Wen Zhengming and Qiu Ying.

(1) The paintings of the Ming Dynasty were dominated by landscapes, flowers and birds.

(2) Xu Wei in the late Ming Dynasty was good at using splash ink.

(3) The "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" in the Qing Dynasty further developed Xu Wei's brushwork techniques.

knowledge consolidation

1. The first full-length historical novel in the history of our country is ( )

A. "A Dream of Red Mansions" B. "Journey to the West"

C. "Water Margin" D. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"

2. The novel that reveals the inevitable decline of an autocratic dynasty is ( )

A. "A Dream of Red Mansions" B. "Journey to the West"

C. "Water Margin" D. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"

3. Read the picture and answer the questions:

(1) Based on the pictures, determine which three classic Chinese literary masterpieces these three pictures are from? Who is the author?

"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Luo Guanzhong "Water Margin" Shi Naian "Journey to the West" Wu Chengen

(2) These three classic literary masterpieces all focus on historical figures or historical events. How do they differ from real history?

These three literary works are all based on characters and events in history, but literary works do not exclude fiction and processing. They originate from life and are higher than life. Historical novels are not equal to history.

4. The novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties all reflect the people's desire for freedom, resistance to oppression, and freedom from personal bondage. Why do you think this is the reason?

The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the period of decline of my country's feudal society. In order to maintain their rule, rulers continuously strengthened their monarchy, implemented a highly centralized system of centralization, and adopted strict control policies in the ideological and cultural fields, such as literary inquisition. At the same time, with the development of the commodity economy, the economic form of free buying, selling, and exchange has made people's desire to resist oppression, pursue freedom, and get rid of personal restraints increasing. Literary works are political and economic reflections of society in a certain period.

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