"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware 3

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"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware 3

1. Physical properties of metals and alloys

Metallic luster

conductivity

thermal conductivity

Ductility

It is solid at room temperature (mercury is liquid)

What is an alloy? How do the properties of an alloy change compared to the metals that make it up?

2. Chemical properties of metals

1. Reaction of metal with oxygen

Not all metals react with oxygen to form oxides

2. Reaction of metals with dilute acids

The metal before hydrogen reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid (dilute sulfuric acid) to generate hydrogen gas

3. Reaction of metals with salt solutions

After changing the front, the salt must be dissolved; K, Ca, and Na are not used

(2011·Qiandongnan Prefecture) In order to verify the activity sequence of three metals: iron, zinc, and copper, a student designed four plans:

① Add Zn and Cu to the FeSO4 solution respectively;

② Add Zn and Cu to the ZnSO4 solution respectively;

③ Add Zn to FeSO4 and CuSO4 solutions respectively;

④Add Fe to the ZnSO4 and CuSO4 solutions respectively.

The feasible ones are ()

A． ① or ④ B. ① or ② C． ② or ③ D． ③ or ④

3. Metal smelting methods

metal smelting methods

Method 1: Electrolysis

2Al2O3==4Al+3O2

Method 2: Thermal reduction method

Fe 2O3+3CO==2 Fe +3CO2

Method three: direct heating method

2 HgO==2 Hg +O2

In addition, for extremely inactive metals, such as Au and Pt, physical methods are used to obtain

4. Protection and Cherishing of Metal Resources

1. Reasonable mining and utilization of metal resources

2. Find alternatives

3. Strengthen the recycling and reuse of scrap metal

4. Prevent metal from rusting

(1) Protective film method:

①Apply a layer of protective material

②Metal plating

③Self-oxide film protective layer

(2) Change the internal structure of metal:

Let’s see who responds faster!

[Exercise 1] Add a certain amount of iron powder to the Cu(NO3)2 solution. After full reaction, a solid will precipitate. After filtering and washing, add dilute hydrochloric acid to the filter residue, and colorless gas will be released.

There must be _________ in the filter residue;

There must be _________ in the filtrate;

[Exercise 2] Which of the following salts can be obtained by the direct reaction of metals and hydrochloric acid ( )

A. CuCl2 B. FeCl3

C. AgCl D. MgCl2

[Exercise 3] Three metals X, Y, and Z are immersed in dilute sulfuric acid respectively. Only Y dissolves, and Z is precipitated in the salt solution where X is put into Z. Then the correct activity relationship between X, Y, and Z is (C)

A.X>Y>Z B.X>Z>Y

C.Y＞X＞Z D.Y＞Z＞X

Ability expansion!

[Example 1] Add a certain amount of iron powder to the mixed solution of Zn(NO3)2, AgNO3, and Cu(NO3)2, filter it after full reaction, and obtain filter residue A and filtrate B after washing.

⑴ If bubbles are generated when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to filter residue A, filter residue A must contain _____; the solute contained in filtrate B is _____.

⑵ If a white precipitate occurs when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to filtrate B, then filter residue A must contain ______;

The solute contained in filtrate B is ______.

[Example 2] Based on the mutual transformation relationship between compounds and elements in the figure below, write the appropriate chemical formula as required.

⑴If the solution of B is light green and Y is a red solid, then it is ____;

⑵If the solution of B is light green and Y is a colorless gas, then X is ____;

⑶If A is a solid and B is a colorless liquid at normal temperature, then X is ____.

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"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware 2:

"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware 2 [Learning Objectives] 1. Understand the close relationship between metal materials and human life and social development. 2. Understand the physical properties of common metals and the characteristics of alloys. 3． Understand the properties and uses of matter..

"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware:

"Metal Materials and Metal Smelting" Metal and Metal Materials PPT Courseware The properties of substances determine the uses of substances: Uses of metals Conjectures on the properties of metals Weapons and knives Metals are generally hard Aluminum foil and iron wire are malleable Wires and cables Metals can conduct electricity..

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Update Time: 2024-11-02

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Hunan Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 2 industry PPT template

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