"Metal Materials" Iron Metal Materials PPT (Lesson 1 Metal Materials)

Description

"Metal Materials" Iron Metal Materials PPT (Lesson 1 Metal Materials)

Part One: Learning Objectives

Curriculum Standards

1. Know the common types of metal materials, and understand the relationship between material composition, properties and applications through examples.

2. Understand the properties of aluminum and aluminum alloys.

core competencies

1. Change concepts: Know that aluminum and aluminum alloys can react with both acids and alkalis.

2. Scientific inquiry: Explore how aluminum alloys react with acids and bases.

Metal materials PPT, part 2: preview of new knowledge

1. Definition and properties of alloys

1. alloy definition

An alloy is a substance with _____ properties formed by the fusion of two or more ____________________.

2. Differences in properties between alloys and pure metals

(1) The hardness of the alloy is greater than that of its component metals, and its mechanical properties are generally _____ of each component metal.

(2) The melting point of an alloy is generally _____ its component metals.

(3) An alloy has the __________ of each component metal, and the alloy must be __________.

2. Types of metal materials

1. ferroalloy

_____ and _____ are two iron-carbon alloys with different carbon contents. The carbon content of pig iron is ___________ and the carbon content of steel is ___________. Steel and pig iron have very different properties due to their different carbon contents. For example, pig iron has high hardness, resistance to pressure, is brittle, and can be cast and formed. It is an important material for manufacturing machine frames and pipes; steel has good __________ and ____________, can be forged, rolled, and cast, and is widely used in manufacturing machinery and transportation vehicles. .

_____ is the most widely used alloy and can be divided into two categories according to its chemical composition: __________ and __________. Depending on the carbon content, carbon steel can be divided into _____ carbon steel, _____ carbon steel and _____ carbon steel. Alloy steel, also called _____ steel, is made by adding an appropriate amount of one or several _____ elements to carbon steel to change the structural structure of the steel, thereby giving the steel various special properties, such as strength and hardness. , good plasticity, toughness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. __________ is the most common alloy steel, and its alloying elements are mainly __________ and __________.

2. Aluminum and aluminum alloys

(1) _____ is the most abundant metallic element in the earth’s crust. Aluminum is an active metal that can react with oxygen in the air at room temperature. Aluminum products that people use daily are usually made of __________, and their surfaces are always covered with a dense __________ film, which protects the internal metal.

(2) Pure aluminum has low hardness and strength and is not suitable for manufacturing machine parts, etc. Aluminum alloys can be made by adding small amounts of alloying elements to aluminum. Aluminum alloy is one of the most widely used alloys today. For example, duralumin is an ideal material for manufacturing airplanes and spacecrafts.

3． New alloy

Hydrogen storage alloy is a type of material that can absorb a large amount of H2 and combine with H2 to form _____________. In addition, new alloys such as titanium alloys, heat-resistant alloys and shape memory alloys are widely used in aerospace, bioengineering and electronic industries.

3. Chemical properties of aluminum and alumina

1. chemical properties of aluminum

As an active metal, aluminum has the chemical properties of metal. In addition, aluminum can react with both acid and alkali.

Write the chemical and ionic equations for the following reactions:

2. chemical properties of aluminum oxide

Al2O3 is a _____ oxide, which can react with _____ or _____ solution to form salt and water.

Write an ionic equation for the following reaction:

Metal material PPT, the third part: key points and difficulties

The relationship between the amount of H2 generated by the reaction of metallic aluminum with acid and alkali

1. reaction principle

2Al＋6H＋===2Al3＋＋3H2↑;

2Al＋2OH－＋2H2O===2AlO－2＋3H2↑.

2. quantitative relationship

Quantitative relationship 2Al～6H+～3H22Al～2OH－～3H2

(1) An equal amount of aluminum reacts with a sufficient amount of hydrochloric acid and NaOH solution respectively to produce an equal amount of H2. At this time, the ratio of the amount of substances consuming HCl and NaOH is 3:1.

(2) A sufficient amount of aluminum reacts with equal amounts of hydrochloric acid and NaOH solution respectively. The ratio of the amount of substances that produce H2 is 1:3. At this time, the ratio of the amount of substances that consume aluminum is also 1:3.

(3) A certain amount of aluminum reacts with a certain amount of hydrochloric acid and NaOH solution respectively. If 13

3． Use the number axis flexibly to correctly analyze the relationship between quantities

Metal material PPT, part 4: learn and apply

1. Which of the following statements about iron and iron alloys is incorrect ()

A． Pig iron is softer than iron

B. Iron has good thermal conductivity

C． Steel is an alloy of iron

D． Pig iron rusts easily in humid air

2. Titanium and titanium alloys are known as "the most promising metal materials in the 21st century". They have many excellent properties, such as high melting point, low density, good plasticity, and easy processing. In particular, titanium alloys have good properties with human organs. of "biocompatibility". According to their main performance, the following uses are impractical ()

A． used to make fuses

B. Used in manufacturing space shuttles

C． used to make artificial bone

D． Used for home decoration, making titanium alloy decorative doors

3． Aluminum reacts with sufficient amounts of dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution respectively. When the volumes of gases released by the two reactions are equal under the same conditions, the ratio of the amounts of HCl and NaOH consumed in the reaction is ()

A． 1:1B. 2:1

C． 3:1 D． 1:3

Metal Materials PPT, Part 5: Qualification Examination Training

1. Judge whether it is true or false (mark “√” if it is correct and “×” if it is wrong).

(1) The earliest alloy used in human history was bronze. ()

(2) Only metallic elements exist in the alloy, and there cannot be non-metallic elements. ()

(3) The melting point of pig iron is lower than that of iron, but its mechanical strength and hardness are higher than that of iron. ()

(4) The chemical properties of iron in pig iron are different from those of pure iron. ()

(5) Chemical changes occur during the process of melting magnesium and aluminum into alloys. ()

(6) Hydrogen storage alloys are metal hydride materials. ()

(7) Alloys are mixtures that have the properties of metals. ()

2. The melting point of pure iron is 1535℃, while pig iron (an alloy of iron with higher carbon content) melts at about 1200℃ when iron is made in a blast furnace. This is because ()

A． The higher the purity of iron, the lower the melting point

B. The melting point of an alloy is generally lower than the melting point of its constituent substances

C． An iron-carbon alloy is formed, so the melting point becomes higher

D． A chemical reaction occurs during the melting process in the blast furnace

3． Which of the following statements about aluminum alloys is incorrect ()

A． Aluminum alloy is a mixture that has a lower melting point than pure aluminum

B. High-temperature aluminum liquid is easily oxidized, and aluminum alloys should be smelted under a flux layer.

C． Magnesium-aluminum alloy is corrosion-resistant, but can be corroded by caustic soda

D． Magnesium aluminum alloy is insoluble in hydrochloric acid

Keywords: PPT courseware for high school chemistry compulsory course 1 from the People's Education Press is available for free download, metal materials PPT download, ferrous metal materials PPT download, .PPT format;

For more information about the "Metal Materials Iron Metal Materials" PPT courseware, please click the Metal Materials PPT Iron Metal Materials PPT tab.

"Physical Properties and Some Chemical Properties of Metals" Metals and Metal Materials PPT courseware download:

"Physical Properties and Certain Chemical Properties of Metals" Metals and Metal Materials PPT courseware download, 27 pages in total. Purpose of the experiment 1. Consolidate and deepen the understanding of metal properties. 2. Cultivate experimental design capabilities. Experimental supplies Experimental equipment: test tubes, test tube clamps, alcohol lamps,...

"Physical Properties and Certain Chemical Properties of Metals" PPT teaching courseware on metals and metallic materials:

"Physical Properties and Some Chemical Properties of Metals" PPT teaching courseware on metals and metallic materials, 15 pages in total. [Purpose of Experiment] 1. Consolidate and deepen the understanding of metal properties. 2. Cultivate experimental design capabilities. [Experimental supplies] Test tubes, test tube clamps, alcohol lamps, crucibles...

"Physical Properties and Certain Chemical Properties of Metals" Metals and Metal Materials PPT Download:

"Physical Properties and Certain Chemical Properties of Metals" PPT download of metals and metal materials, 24 pages in total. Classification practice of knowledge points Knowledge point 1 Physical properties of metals 1. The following is an experiment to explore some physical properties of metals. The wrong statement is ( ) A. Magnesium flakes, aluminum flakes...

File Info

Update Time: 2024-11-02

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware People's Education Press High School Chemistry Compulsory Course I industry PPT template

Preview