"Melting and Solidification" Changes in State of Matter PPT

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"Melting and Solidification" Changes in State of Matter PPT

Part One: Preview Perception

1. Changes in physical state

1. The three states of matter: ________, ________ and ________.

2. As _________ changes, matter changes between three states.

3. Changes in physical state: changes between substances ____________________.

2. Melting and Solidification

1. Melt.

The process by which matter changes from the ________ state to the ________ state.

2. Solidify.

The process by which matter changes from the ________ state to the ________ state.

3. Crystalline and amorphous.

(1) Crystal: It has a melting temperature of ________.

(2) Amorphous: ________ fixed melting temperature.

3. Melting point and freezing point

1. Melting point: The temperature at which a crystal _________.

2. Freezing point: The temperature at which a crystal _________.

3. The freezing point of the same substance is _________ its melting point, amorphous _________ the definite melting point or freezing point.

4. Melting endotherm and solidification exotherm

The melting process requires ________ heat, and the solidification process requires ________ heat.

Melting and Solidification PPT, Part 2 Content: Interactive Classroom Understanding

Comparison of crystalline and amorphous

[Example] A new design has appeared in modern architecture: small granular balls are evenly mixed into the wall decoration materials, and an amorphous material is filled into the balls. When the temperature rises, the material in the balls melts and absorbs heat. When the temperature decreases, the material in the ball solidifies and releases heat, keeping the temperature in the building basically unchanged. Among the four images shown in the figure, the one that represents the solidification image of the material in the ball is ()

Click: Select the amorphous solidified image.

Analysis: Because the amorphous material is mixed into the wall, there will be no solid-liquid coexistence during the solidification process, and its temperature will continue to drop. A is the amorphous solidification image, B is the amorphous melting image, C is the crystal melting image, and D is the crystal solidification image.

Answer:A

Melting and Solidifying PPT, Part 3: Try the Application

1. Changes in physical state

1. (2018·Inner Mongolia Chifeng Midterm) Among the following situations, the one that belongs to the change of physical state is ()

A. A piece of mirror fell to the ground and broke into pieces.

B. Desks made of wood

C. A steel ingot is pressed into a steel plate

D. A steel ingot was turned into molten steel

2. (2018·Yunnan Dizhou Midterm) There are three states of matter in nature, namely ________ state, ________ state and ________ state. These three states can transform into each other under certain conditions. In physics, the process of changing matter from one state to another is called ____________________. Due to the _______________ of water in nature, there are clouds, rain, dew, fog, frost, snow, hail, etc.

2. Melting and Solidification

3. The process of matter changing from solid to liquid is called ()

A. Solidification B. Condensation C. Melting D. Dissolution

4. The scenery of the North, with "thousands of miles of ice" in winter and "ice and snow melting" in spring, from the perspective of changes in physical state, the process that water goes through ()

A. Both are melted B. Both are solidified

C. Melt first and then solidify D. Solidify first and then melt

5. Write down the changes in the state of matter in the following phenomena:

(1)The lit candle is crying ________.

(2) The ice added to the drink becomes smaller ________.

(3) The frozen Songhua River ________.

3. Melting point and freezing point

6. On a hot summer day, there is a metal spoon in a cup on the desk. Water from the thermos bottle (slightly less than 100 ℃) is poured into the cup. After a while, the metal spoon melts. When the water temperature in the cup dropped to room temperature (26°C), a metal block solidified in the cup. Which of the following judgments about this metal is correct ()

A. The melting point of the metal is higher than 100 ℃

B. The melting point of the metal is lower than 26 ℃

C. The freezing point of the metal is higher than 100 ℃

D. The freezing point of the metal is lower than 100 ℃

7. Figures A and B are respectively the temperature-time images of two substances A and B when they melt. It can be seen from the figure: Among the two substances A and B, the ________ substance is a crystal, and its melting point is ________℃.

8. (2018·Shandong Jinan Experimental Middle School Midterm) Solids can be divided into two categories: crystalline and amorphous. Among the substances such as a. beeswax, b. sea wave, c. ice, d. rosin, e. salt, f. naphthalene, g. glass, h. asphalt, those that belong to crystals include (fill in the letter) ________, and when they melt Absorb heat but temperature ________.

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Update Time: 2024-09-09

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