"Measuring the density of matter" Mass and density PPT download

"Measuring the density of matter" Mass and density PPT download

Part One: Preview Perception

1. Measuring cylinder

1. Function: An instrument that directly measures the volume of ____________.

2.Unit:____________. 1 mL=______ cm3.

3. Reading: When reading from the graduated cylinder, the line of sight should be level with the concave surface of the liquid ______.

2. Measuring the density of liquids and solids

1. Principle: ρ=____________.

2. Equipment: balance, measuring cylinder, liquid to be measured, solid to be measured, beaker, thin wire.

3. Experimental steps:

(1) Measure the density of solids.

① Use ____________ to measure the mass m of the object being measured.

②Pour an appropriate amount of water into ____________ and record the scale V1 that the water surface reaches at this time.

③ Put the object to be measured ____________ in the water of the measuring cylinder, and record the scale V2 that the water surface reaches at this time.

④The volume of the object being measured is V=____________.

⑤Solid density ρ=______=____________.

(2) Measure the density of liquid.

① Place the balance on the ____________ workbench and adjust the ____________ balance.

②Pour ____________ into the glass and weigh their total mass m1.

③Pour part of the ____________ in the glass into the measuring cylinder and record its volume V.

④Weigh the total mass m2 of ____________________.

⑤The density of liquid ρ=______=____________.

Measuring the density of matter PPT, part 2: interactive classroom understanding

Understanding of "Measuring the Density of a Substance"

(1)Principle:ρ=___. Use a balance or other tools to measure the mass m, and use a graduated cylinder to directly or indirectly measure the volume V.

(2) Measuring the density of solids: The difficulty lies in measuring the volume. When using the "drainage method" to indirectly measure the volume of a solid, an appropriate amount of water should be put into the measuring cylinder first, so that the solid can be immersed, but the water surface should not exceed the measuring range of the measuring cylinder after being immersed.

(3) Measuring the density of liquid: The key is to use the "liquid poured into the measuring cylinder" as the measurement object. The difficulty lies in using the "compensation method" to measure quality. Usually, first weigh the total mass m1 of the beaker (or other container) and the liquid. After pouring the liquid to be measured into the measuring cylinder, then weigh the mass m2 of the remaining liquid and the beaker (or other container). m1-m2 are poured into the measuring cylinder. The quality of the liquid.

(4) The design plan should follow two principles: ① It is conducive to reducing errors; ② It is easy to operate.

[Example] Xiao Ming measured the density of an irregularly shaped and larger ore in the laboratory.

(1) Because the ore is too large to fit into the measuring cylinder, he uses a beaker to measure as shown in the figure. The volume of the ore is ______cm3.

(2) The mass of the ore has been measured with a pallet balance to be 175.6 g, then the density of the ore is ______kg/m3; the operation from Figure A to Figure B causes the density measurement value to be ______ higher than the true value (optional fill in "too large" ""smaller" or "unchanged").

(3) When using an adjusted pallet balance to weigh the mass of ore according to standard operations, the pointer will deviate a little to the right of the center line of the indexing plate after adding or subtracting the weight. At this time, it should be ______.

A. Adjust the balance nut to the left B. Add weight to the right plate

C. Subtract the weight from the right plate D. Move the weight to the right

Tips: The key to answering this type of experimental questions is to clearly analyze the meaning of the diagrams and look for clues to answer the questions in the pictures. The analysis idea is as follows:

Analysis: (1) When measured according to the method shown in the question picture, the volume of the ore is equal to the volume of water poured into the beaker from the measuring cylinder. It can be seen from the question picture that the volume is 70 cm3. (2) The density of the ore is ρ= ____________ ≈2.5 g/cm3=2.5×103 kg/m3. In the operation from question picture A to question picture B, when the stones were taken out, there was water on the stones, which caused the volume of the reduced water to be too large. The volume of the water added from the measuring cylinder was too large, and the measured stones The volume is too large, so the density of the stone is too small. (3) When using an adjusted balance to weigh the mass of an object, you cannot adjust the balance nut. You can only increase or decrease the weight or move the weight. In the question, the pointer is slightly to the right of the center line of the index plate, indicating that the weight has been added. If it is too large, you should subtract the weight from the right plate, then add a smaller weight or move the weight to the right.

Answer: (1)70　(2)2.5×103 Too small　(3)C

Measuring the density of substances PPT, Part 3: Try the application

1. Measuring cylinder

1. The measuring cylinder should be made thin and tall instead of thick and short, as shown in the picture. The main reason is ()

A. The thin and tall measuring cylinder is easy to operate

B. A thin and tall measuring cylinder can make a relatively large base to increase stability.

C. Compared with thick and short measuring cylinders, the corresponding scale intervals are larger and the thin and tall measuring cylinders can be read more accurately.

D. There is a lot of liquid in the thick and short measuring cylinder, which requires thicker glass, making it inconvenient to read.

2. As shown in the figure, the dotted line represents the line of sight when measuring the volume reading of salt water with a graduated cylinder. The correct one is ()

2. Measuring the density of liquids and solids

3. Xiaoli uses a balance and a measuring cylinder to measure the density of the ore. There are some experimental steps as follows: ① Use the adjusted balance to measure the mass m of the ore; ② Pour an appropriate amount of water into the vector cylinder and measure the volume of water V1; ③ According to Use the density formula to find the density ρ of the ore; ④ Immerse the ore in the water in the measuring cylinder and measure the total volume V2 of the ore and water. The order of experimental steps she should take is ()

A.②④①③ B.①②④③

C.①②③④ D.②③④①

4. (2018·Shandong Zaozhuang High School Entrance Examination) In the experiment of measuring the density of salt water, all the salt water with a mass of 63 g in the beaker was poured into the graduated cylinder. As shown in the figure, the volume of the salt water is ________ cm3, then the density of the salt water is _________g/cm3. The density of salt water measured using this method will be ________(please fill in "too high" or "too small") because of ____________________.

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