"Landscape Characteristics of Main Landforms" Natural Geographic Elements and Phenomenon PPT (Aeolian Landform and Karst Landform in the Second Lesson)

"Landscape Characteristics of Main Landforms" Natural Geographic Elements and Phenomenon PPT (Aeolian Landform and Karst Landform in the Second Lesson)

Part One: Strengthening the Implementation of Basic Knowledge

[Self-reading textbook? Fill in the key points]

1. Aeolian landform

1. The concept and classification of aeolian landforms

(1) Concept: Also known as ____ landform, it is a landform formed by ____ erosion, transportation and ____ of surface materials.

(2) Classification: Aeolian landforms are generally divided into ____ landforms and _____ landforms according to their shapes and causes. For example, picture A belongs to ____ landform, and picture B belongs to ____ landform.

[Misunderstanding Warning] Not all windy sand landforms are distributed in arid areas, but are also found in humid and semi-humid areas.

2. The causes and characteristics of windy sand landforms

(1) Wind-eroded landform: It is a landform formed by wind and sand blowing and abrading the surface. The main types include stone nests, ____, wind-eroded columns and ____, etc.

(2) Aeolian landform: refers to the material transported by wind under certain conditions.

The formation of sand dune landforms. Due to their different shapes, dunes include crescent dunes, long ridge dunes and honeycomb dunes. As shown in Figure B, the crescent-shaped sand dunes are convex on the windward slope and _____ on the leeward slope.

2. Karst landforms

1. Concept: Landforms formed by the chemical ____ action of water on rocks and the ____ action of salt substances contained in the water can be divided into ____ karst landforms and _____ karst landforms.

2. type

(1) Surface karst landform:

1 is ____, 2 is depression, 3 is ____, and 4 is sinkhole.

(2) Underground karst landforms:

5 is the underground river, 6 in the cave is ____, 7 is stalagmite, and 8 is ____.

Landscape characteristics of main landforms PPT, part 2 content: Pay attention to problem-based teaching

Question 1: What are the types and causes of sandstorm landforms? What are the important and difficult test points?

[Thinking and exploring]

Dunhuang belongs to Jiuquan City, Gansu Province and is located at the westernmost end of the Hexi Corridor. When mentioning Dunhuang, everyone will invariably think of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Moon Spring. Crescent Moon Spring is located in the southern part of Dunhuang Highlands and is part of an ancient river. Its formation and existence are related to its special geographical location.

[Problem Design]

1. Use "comprehensive thinking" to analyze what type of landform Mingsha Mountain belongs to? What are the main external forces that form this landform type?

Hint: sand dunes. Wind accumulation effect.

2. Use "comprehensive thinking" to analyze the reasons why Crescent Moon Spring is located in an arid area but has not dried up for thousands of years.

Tip: Crescent Lake is located in the basin terrain and is a residual lake formed by sand dunes blocking ancient river channels. Crescent Moon Spring is continuously supplied by the infiltration of surrounding river water, so it never dries up.

3. A scientific expedition team discovered a "Devil City" in the northwest of Dunhuang. From the perspective of "geographical practice", what types of landforms may there be here? Which landform type does it belong to? And explore why this place is called "Devil City."

Tips: Wind Erosion Pillars, Wind Erosion Mushrooms, Yadan, etc. It is a wind-eroded landform. Due to the various wind-eroded landforms in the area, various shrill screams are emitted when strong winds blow at night, so it is called "Devil City".

Question 2: How to correctly understand the types of karst landforms and the climatic conditions that form them? Basic test points?

Research point (1) Conditions for the formation of karst landforms

[Thinking and exploring]

Guilin Landscape is the general name for the tourism resources in Guilin, Guangxi. It is a national AAAAA-level tourist attraction and one of the top ten scenic spots in China. The typical karst landforms constitute the unique Guilin Landscape. Guilin's landscape has "green mountains, beautiful waters, strange caves and beautiful rocks". The landscape scenery within its territory is world-famous. For thousands of years, it has enjoyed the reputation of "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world". On June 23, 2014, at the 38th World Heritage Conference, the second phase of the South China Karst Project led by Guilin was successfully applied for World Heritage and officially became a World Natural Heritage. Guilin's landscape was listed on the World Heritage List.

[Explore] The karst landform in southern China is very typical. Please analyze the climate conditions that formed the karst landform in southern China.

Tip: Karst landforms not only require widespread limestone, but also require high temperature and rainy climate conditions. In the southern region of my country, where karst landforms are widely distributed, the subtropical monsoon climate is dominant, with warm climate and abundant precipitation.

Research point (2) Karst landform types

[Explore] Please classify the karst landforms to which the four pictures in the material belong, and point out the reason why picture ④ is called an underground "shrine"?

Tips: ①②③ belongs to the surface karst landform, ④ belongs to the underground karst landform; ④ The picture refers to the cave. There are stalactites, stalagmites, stone pillars and other landscapes in the cave in different shapes, so it is called the underground "shrine".

[System Cognition]

Karst landform type

Karst landforms can be divided into surface karst landforms and underground karst landforms. Its representative forms and causes are shown in the following table:

[Training to pass the test]

1. Read the map. The landforms and landscapes represented in the map are mainly located in ()

A. Limestone distribution area B. Granite distribution area

C． Basalt distribution area D. Gneiss distribution area

2. The Chinese and foreign joint scientific expedition team once inspected the famous Dashiwei Tiankeng in Leye, Guangxi, and obtained valuable first-hand information. Tai Shek Wai Tiankeng is ()

A. Large crater B. deep depression basin

C． Crater D. a karst funnel

Landscape characteristics of main landforms PPT, the third part: Carry out structural evaluation of thinking

Structural evaluation of thinking——The changes of the ancient city of Loulan

According to the records of "Historical Records of Dawan" and "Hanshu of the Western Regions", Loulan was a famous "city outline country" in the Western Regions as early as the 2nd century AD. It leads to Dunhuang in the east, Yanqi and Yuli in the northwest, and Ruoqiang and Qiemo in the southwest. Before the 3rd century AD, Loulan and its surrounding areas had many rivers, lush Populus euphratica forests, and fertile land. Loulan became an important town on the Silk Road. But by the 4th century AD, Loulan's name suddenly disappeared from the literature. Nowadays, people can see that not far from the end of the Tarim River, the ruins of the ancient city of Loulan lie silently, and the ruins tell people about the glory and vicissitudes of the past. Ask students to discuss the reasons why the ancient city of Loulan disappeared?

[Your evaluation and thinking are perfect]

Student A’s answer is of a multi-point structure, but it is just a list of textbook knowledge without specific analysis; Student B’s answer is of a relational structure, with a clearer idea, but misses the answer angle of “human reasons”; Student C’s answer The answer has a correlation structure and can be analyzed from the two perspectives of "natural causes" and "man-made causes". However, the structure is not clear and the knowledge accumulation is insufficient. It cannot answer the key point of opening up the North Silk Road.

[Example of perfect thinking]

Natural reasons: Located in the northwest inland region, the climate is arid and precipitation is scarce; it is close to the source of winter winds and strong winds are frequent;

Man-made causes: large population and improper use of water resources, leading to water shortages; excessive felling of trees and building palaces, etc., have caused the surface to lose vegetation protection, leading to frequent sandstorms; wars have caused the migration or death of some people; the opening of the North Silk Road, the economy After the decline, the ancient city of Loulan gradually disappeared.

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