"Laboratory Preparation and Properties of Carbon Dioxide" Combustion and Fuel PPT

Description

"Laboratory Preparation and Properties of Carbon Dioxide" Combustion and Fuel PPT, 16 pages in total.

1. Introduction of new courses

What kind of substances are used in the following pictures?

Solid carbon dioxide, commonly known as dry ice, can be used for artificial rainfall. In addition, it has many other uses and is a very important substance. So, how does the laboratory produce carbon dioxide?

2. Understand the reaction principle of CO2 production in the laboratory

Think about the ways we produce carbon dioxide, and think about how to produce carbon dioxide in the laboratory?

The conditions for laboratory preparation are:

1. Preparation should be simple and rapid.

2. The gas produced has high purity and meets the needs of demonstration experiments.

3. The operation is simple, safe and easy to implement.

The correct principle for producing carbon dioxide in the laboratory: CaCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H3CO2

Carbonic acid is unstable and easily decomposes into carbon dioxide and water: H3CO2 = H2O +CO2↑

The overall chemical equation is: CaCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O + CO2↑

3. Device design and selection

According to the laboratory production method of O2, find out which generation device and collection device should be selected for laboratory production of CO2 gas?

【Information display】

①The average relative molecular mass of air is 29, and the relative molecular mass of CO2 is 44. It can be concluded that the density of CO2 is greater than that of air.

②CO2 can be dissolved in water. Under standard conditions, 1 volume of water can dissolve 0.88 volume of CO2; and reacts with water, CO2 dissolves in water to form carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is very unstable and can easily decompose into CO2 and water.

4. Steps and Inspections for Preparing CO2 in the Laboratory

[Reflection and communication]

①Is it appropriate to change the marble from block to powder? Why?

Calcium carbonate powder reacts too quickly with dilute hydrochloric acid and there is no time to collect the gas.

②Why can’t you use concentrated hydrochloric acid?

Do not use concentrated hydrochloric acid. Because concentrated hydrochloric acid is easily volatile, hydrogen chloride gas is easily mixed into the carbon dioxide produced.

③Why can’t sulfuric acid be used to react with massive marble?

Sulfuric acid cannot be used. Although sulfuric acid can also react with calcium carbonate to generate carbon dioxide, the product calcium sulfate is slightly soluble in water and will adhere to the surface of marble or limestone, hindering the continuation of the reaction.

④Why not use sodium carbonate?

Sodium carbonate cannot be used because the reaction rate between sodium carbonate and acid is too fast and is not conducive to collection.

5. Verify the properties of carbon dioxide

(1) Physical properties of carbon dioxide

① Place a 250mL beaker on each side of the tray balance to adjust the balance. Then slowly pour the carbon dioxide gas from the gas collection bottle into one of the beakers. (Or design your own experimental plan to compare the density of carbon dioxide and air).

② Add an appropriate amount of distilled water to the plastic bottle A containing carbon dioxide, quickly tighten the bottle cap, shake, and observe the phenomenon.

(2) Chemical properties of carbon dioxide

① Add 1 to 2 drops of purple litmus solution into the plastic bottle A containing the carbon dioxide aqueous solution, tighten the bottle cap, shake, and observe the phenomenon.

② Pour an appropriate amount of clarified lime water into plastic bottle B containing carbon dioxide, shake it, and observe the phenomenon.

③Put the two prepared candles into the 500mL beaker and light them respectively. Then slowly pour the carbon dioxide gas in plastic bottle C and observe the phenomenon.

6. Class Summary

1. Drugs and reaction principles

Drugs: Limestone and dilute hydrochloric acid

Principle: CaCO3 + 2HCl=CaCl2 + H2O + CO2↑

2. Determination of device

gas generating device

Solid heating type

Solid-liquid normal temperature type

Gas collection device

Upward air exhaust method (collecting gases that are denser than air)

Downward air exhaust method (collecting gases with a density less than air)

Drainage method (collecting gases that are not easily soluble in water and do not react with water)

3. Verification of the properties of carbon dioxide

Keywords: Free download of Chemistry PPT courseware for the first volume of the ninth grade of the Lujiao Education Edition, PPT download of laboratory preparation and properties of carbon dioxide, PPT download of combustion and fuel, .PPT format;

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Update Time: 2024-10-20

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Lu Jiao Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 1 industry PPT template

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