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"Kong Yiji" PPT courseware 10
Background brief introduction
"Kong Yiji" was written in the winter of 1918. At that time, "New Youth" was the basis. Although it had opened the prelude to the New Culture Movement, the countercurrent of feudal retrogression was still rampant. Although the imperial examination system was abolished in 1906, the social foundation for cultivating people like Kong Yiji still exists, and the teachings of Confucius and Mencius are still the core content of social education, so it is possible to produce a new "Kong Yiji". To save the young generation, we cannot let them follow Kong Yiji's old path. Lu Xun chose a corner of society - the Xianheng Hotel in Lu Town, to artistically show the life of such poor intellectuals in society more than 20 years ago, in order to inspire readers to compare Kong Yiji's life path and the current educational situation at that time, and think about that time Social education and school education, criticizing the feudal education system and the imperial examination system.
Read the pronunciation correctly
Agree ( ) Disdain ( ) argue
Meat ( ) Cuisine Xianheng ( ) Hotel
Soak ( ) water and wipe ( )
Dip ( ) Luxuriously ( )
scoop ( ) water and rise ( ) red
burst out ( ) and coax ( ) a smile
( ) or ( ) panicked
Discount ( ) Leg Threshold ( )
Walk ( ) into pen and inkstone ( )
One: Solution
1. review
(1)What is a novel?
——Novel is a literary genre that focuses on portraying characters and reflects social life through complete storylines and specific environmental descriptions.
(2) What are the three elements of a novel?
——Characters, storyline, environment
(3) What is the main means by which novels reflect social life?
——Create character image
Read the text, discuss and analyze
1. What era was this novel written in? Where does the story take place?
2. What kind of people and things is the novel about?
3. How many parts can the text be divided into? What is the function of the first three paragraphs?
How does the novel show the tragic life experiences of the characters in a limited space (Xianheng Hotel)?
The first part (1-3) introduces the social environment of Kong Yiji’s activities, Xianheng Hotel.
Part Two (verses 4-13): Write about the tragic experience of Kong Yiji.
The first level (verses 4-9) writes four fragments of Kong Yiji’s life.
(1) The drinker exposed his fault and made fun of Kong Yiji for stealing;
(2) The drinkers laughed at Kong Yiji for not enrolling in school;
(3) Kong Yiji taught the boy how to read;
(4) Kong Yiji gave fennel beans to his children.
Second floor (10-11) Kong Yiji went to the hotel for a drink for the last time.
The third level (12-13) Kong Yiji’s tragic ending.
think about it
1. In the first three paragraphs, first describe the general situation of the hotel and describe the social environment in which Kong Yiji lived.
The author describes the social environment:
A. Comparing the drinking images of "short-shirt gangs" and "wearing long-sleeved shirts" highlights the social reality of great disparity between rich and poor and strict hierarchy.
B. From the change of "I" position, we can get a glimpse of the cold and snobbish side of the shopkeeper.
C. The shopkeeper has a fierce face, and the patrons don't have a good reputation: the hotel has a cold atmosphere, and the small things make the big things worse, and the world is even more fickle.
2. Question: What effect do the descriptions and narratives in the first three paragraphs have on Kong Yiji’s appearance?
Reveals the social roots of Kong Yiji's misfortune. It lays the groundwork and foreshadows the protagonist's misfortune and tragic ending.
Novel Reading Task 2: Character Analysis
Creating characters is the main means by which novels reflect social life. The characters in the novel are created by the author based on real life. They are "mixed together from various people and combined into one", which is typical and representative. The focus of this lesson is to analyze the typical character of the protagonist Kong Yiji and the means of characterizing it.
Character portrayal methods:
Positive description - appearance, language, actions, psychology
Profile description - contrast, foil (contrast by others, foil by the environment)
Find sentences that reflect the following and figure out their meaning
1. Kong Yiji’s special identity:
"Kong Yiji is the only person who drinks standing and wears a long gown."
2. Kong Yiji’s status:
"Kong Yiji makes people happy in this way, but without him, others would live like this."
3. Kong Yiji’s ending:
"I haven't seen him until now - probably Kong Yiji is indeed dead."
Try to figure out the following words and sentences, read the language, and explore the questions
(Study and Exercise 3)
1. What is the difference in meaning between the word "Pai" and the word "touch"?
2. What kind of tone does the word "Lao" convey to the person asking the question? What does the word "cage" reveal about Kong Yiji's mentality?
3. Since it is "approximately", why is it said "certainly"? Is this a contradiction? Why did the author write this?
4. "Kong Yiji makes people happy in this way, but without him, others would live like this." How do you understand the meaning of this sentence? What role does it play in the text?
Study and discuss
1. Read the first 3 paragraphs (beginning) and think: The novel does not write about Kong Yiji directly at the beginning, but introduces the layout of Xianheng Hotel and the customer situation. What is the purpose of this writing?
2. Read through paragraphs 4-12 (the main body of the novel) and discuss:
(1) How many times in the novel are people laughing? Why are they laughing? What is the author’s purpose in using everyone’s laughter to run through Kong Yiji’s story?
(2) Why does the author tell the story of Kong Yiji through the eyes of a little boy "I"? Experience the different effects of this writing perspective and directly describing in the third person.
What was the cause of Kong Yiji's tragedy?
①Social reasons: the decadence and darkness of the feudal system
(1) The imperial examination system induced scholars to pursue fame and wealth and study scriptures, which made Kong Yiji a victim, pedantic and an object of trampling for others' pleasure.
(2) The erosion of the feudal hierarchy and feudal ideology made Kong Yiji look down on the working people and turned him into a poor man who could not make a living; it also made the people insensitive and unaware of their status as oppressed and enslaved, and instead took pleasure in laughing at Kong Yiji, who was even more unfortunate. .
(3) The feudal ruling class, represented by Ding Juren, acted tyrannically and brutally tortured Kong Yiji, pushing him to a dead end.
② own reasons.
Passionate about imperial examinations, fond of drinking and lazy in doing things, insensitive, and will never realize it until death.
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