"Internal Combustion Engine" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 2

"Internal Combustion Engine" Internal Energy and Heat Engine PPT Courseware 2

internal combustion engine

Cars are an indispensable means of transportation in our lives, and the engine in a car is a type of internal combustion engine. Because it is a device that converts the internal energy generated by fuel combustion into mechanical energy, we call it a heat engine. There are many types of heat engines. A combustion engine in which fuel is burned in the cylinder is called an internal combustion engine.

Internal combustion engines are divided into gasoline engines and diesel engines. They burn gasoline and diesel to push the piston and provide power.

Study outline

1. Structure of gasoline engine

2. Working principle of internal combustion engine

3. Application of internal combustion engine

4. Similarities and differences between gasoline and diesel engines

How does a gasoline engine work?

The concept of stroke:

A one-way movement of the piston in the cylinder (the piston moves from one end of the cylinder to the other) is called a stroke.

Suction stroke:

The mixture of gasoline and air enters the cylinder

Compression stroke:

The piston moves upward and the fuel mixture is compressed

Think about it: How is energy transformed during this stroke?

Power stroke:

Spark plug produces electric spark

cause fuel to burn

Generate high temperature and high pressure gas

Push the piston downward

Exhaust stroke:

The piston moves upward to expel the exhaust gases from the cylinder

2. Starting of internal combustion engine

The internal combustion engine cannot start on its own. When starting to operate, external force is required to rotate the flywheel and crankshaft. The crankshaft drives the piston through the connecting rod, and then the internal combustion engine can work on its own.

3. Application of internal combustion engine

(1)Application of gasoline engine

Gasoline engines are relatively lightweight and are commonly used in cars, airplanes, and small agricultural machinery.

(2)Application of diesel engine

Diesel is cheaper, but diesel engines are bulkier and are mainly used in trucks, tractors, and tanks.

Want to discuss:

What are the similarities and differences between the working processes of gasoline engines and diesel engines?

Same point

1. The basic structure and functions of the main components are similar.

2. Each working cycle goes through four strokes: suction stroke, compression stroke, power stroke, and exhaust stroke.

3． Among the four strokes, only the power stroke performs external work, and the remaining three strokes are completed by the inertia of the flywheel.

4. In one working cycle, the piston reciprocates twice, the flywheel rotates twice and does work once.

difference

1. The structures are different: a gasoline engine has a spark plug on the top of the cylinder, while a diesel engine has a fuel injector on the top of the cylinder.

2. Different fuels: the fuel of gasoline engines is gasoline, while the fuel of diesel engines is diesel.

3． The suction is different: the gasoline engine sucks in a mixture of gasoline and air, while the diesel engine only sucks in air.

4. Ignition is different: gasoline engines have spark-ignition ignition, while diesel engines have compression-ignition ignition.

summary:

1. Internal combustion engine

(1) Definition: A heat engine in which fuel is burned in the cylinder.

(2) Type: gasoline engine, diesel engine.

1.Gasoline engine

1) Definition: An internal combustion engine that uses gasoline as fuel.

2) Structure: spark plug, intake valve, exhaust valve, piston, cylinder, connecting rod, crankshaft.

3) Working principle:

4) Ignition method: ignition type.

2.Diesel engine

1) Definition: An internal combustion engine using diesel as fuel.

2) Structure: fuel injector, intake valve, exhaust valve, piston, cylinder, connecting rod, crankshaft.

3) Working principle:

4) Ignition method: compression ignition.

2. Starting of internal combustion engine

3. Application of Internal Combustion Engine

1.Application of gasoline engine

2.Application of diesel engine

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