"Invisible Movement" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 4

"Invisible Movement" Small Particles and the Big Universe PPT Courseware 4

learning target

1. Know that matter is composed of molecules, and the molecules of all matter are constantly moving irregularly.

2. Be able to identify diffusion phenomena and explain them from the perspective of molecular thermal motion.

3. Know the relationship between the speed of molecular thermal motion and temperature.

4. Know that there are interactions between molecules.

5. Preliminarily understand the molecular state of matter.

We know that matter is made up of a large number of molecules, what else do you want to know?

How are the molecules of matter arranged?

Do molecules move?

Are there strong interactions between molecules?

What's your guess?

Molecules of solids and liquids may be squeezed together one by one, while there are gaps between gas molecules.

The molecules of solids may be stationary, while the molecules of liquids and gases may be mobile.

There is gravity between molecules, otherwise there would be no matter.

Class exercises

1. "The fragrance of osmanthus in August", the fragrance of osmanthus can be smelled from a long distance. This is a diffusion phenomenon, which means _______________; an iron rod is difficult to compress because there are ______ between molecules; glue can Two pieces of paper stick together because of the presence of ________ between molecules.

2. Among the following phenomena, which one can show that the molecules of an object are constantly moving ( )

A. There are many small insects moving around in the dirty water without any pattern.

B. I put mothballs in my suitcase, and after a while my clothes smelled like camphor.

C. When the classroom was being cleaned, dust was flying all over the room.

D. Washed wet clothes will dry out after a while

3. Which of the following phenomena illustrates the repulsive force between molecules ( )

A. Coal has been piled in the corner for a long time, and the inside of the wall has turned black.

B. After opening the vinegar bottle, I quickly smelled the vinegar smell.

C. Press the bread with your hands and the volume of the bread will become smaller.

D. A liquid enclosed in a container is difficult to compress

4. Put two smooth dry glasses together and it is easy to separate them, but if you put them together after sprinkling some water on the glass, it will be difficult to separate them. This phenomenon explains ( )

A. There is no force between solid molecules, but there is force between liquid molecules.

B. There is no force between molecules of the same kind, but there is force between molecules of different kinds.

C. There is a force between any molecules. The smaller the distance, the greater the force.

D. Water is viscous, and whether there are forces between molecules has nothing to do with it.

Class summary

1. Matter is composed of molecules

2. The molecules that make up matter are constantly moving irregularly.

3. There are attraction and repulsion forces that interact between molecules.

4. The phenomenon that different substances enter each other when they come into contact with each other is called diffusion

5. There are gaps between molecules

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