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"Inorganic Matter in Cells" PPT download of molecules that make up cells
Part One: Discussion of the Problem
On the right is a chemical composition list of a certain athlete's drink. Please recall the knowledge you learned in junior high school and discuss the following questions based on this table.
discuss
1. Drinking drinks is mainly to replenish water for the body. What role does water play in cells?
2. Which ingredients in the table are inorganic salts? Why are inorganic salts added to the drinks athletes drink? What role do inorganic salts play in the life of cells?
Inorganic substances in cells PPT, part 2 content: 1. Water in cells
It is generally believed that the earliest life on earth was conceived in the ocean, and life has been inseparable from water from the beginning. Ancient environmental conditions left a permanent imprint on the chemical composition and properties of living things. Today's living things, including those living on land, are also inseparable from water. Whenever you feel thirsty, you can experience life's dependence on water.
(1) Water content
The water content of organisms varies with different types of organisms, generally 60% to 95%, and the water content of jellyfish reaches 97%. Water is an important component of cells and the most abundant compound in living cells.
(2) The existence form and function of water in cells
Water exists in two forms in cells. Most of the water is in a free state and can flow freely, which is called free water; part of the water is combined with other substances in the cell, which is called bound water.
1. The role of free water
(1) It is a good solvent in cells.
(2) Participate in many biochemical reactions within cells.
(3) Provide a liquid environment for most cells of multicellular organisms.
(4) Transport nutrients and metabolic waste.
Why can water become a good solvent within cells? Why does it have the unique property of supporting life? This is determined by its molecular structure.
2. The role of binding water
It is an important component of cell structure.
The form of bound water in cells is mainly the combination of water with proteins, polysaccharides and other substances. In this way, water loses its fluidity and solubility and becomes a component of living organisms.
Think about it:
A. The water that flows out when cutting watermelon.
B. Water lost when fresh corn seeds are dried.
C. Water lost when dry corn seeds are roasted.
Inorganic substances in cells PPT, part 3 content: 2. Inorganic salts in cells
(1) Content
(2) Form of existence
Most inorganic salts in cells exist in the form of ions.
Cations with high content: Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, etc.
Anions with high content: Cl-, SO42-, PO43-, HCO3-, etc.
(3) Function
1. Some inorganic salt ions are components of some important compounds and structures in cells.
Mg is an element that makes up chlorophyll, and Fe is an element that makes up heme. P is an important component of cell membranes and cell nuclei, and is also a component of many compounds essential to cells.
2. Many kinds of inorganic salts play an important role in maintaining the life activities of cells and organisms.
Na+, Ca2+ plasma is also essential for life activities. For example, the lack of Na+ in the human body can cause the excitability of nerve and muscle cells to decrease, eventually causing muscle soreness and weakness. Therefore, after sweating a lot and excreting too much inorganic salt, you should drink more light salt water. The blood of mammals must contain a certain amount of Ca2+. If the Ca2+ content is too low, the animals will have symptoms such as convulsions. In addition, certain inorganic salt ions in living organisms must be maintained in a certain amount, which is also very important for maintaining the acid-base balance of cells.
Inorganic substances in cells PPT, part 4: practice
1. When wheat seeds germinate, the ratio of free water to bound water in the cells
A.increase B.decrease
C. Unchanged D. Unable to judge
2. The following is a statement about the water content in cells. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. Water is the most abundant compound in human cells
B. Plant cells with strong metabolism contain higher amounts of free water.
C. Overwintering plants have higher intracellular free water content
D. The cells of the elderly contain less water than those of infants
3. The moisture content of sun-dried wheat seeds in a certain area is about 14%. At this time, the water content in living cells
A. All are free water B. All are bound water
C. Mainly free water D. Mainly bound water
4. Mn2+ is known to be an activator of many enzymes, such as nitrate reductase. Plants lacking Mn2+ cannot utilize nitrate, which shows that inorganic salt ions
A. Plays an important role in maintaining life activities of organisms
B. Plays an important role in maintaining cell morphology
C. Plays an important role in maintaining acid-base balance
D. Plays an important role in regulating osmotic pressure inside and outside cells
Keywords: Free download of PPT courseware for High School Biology Compulsory Course 1 from People's Education Edition, PPT download of inorganic substances in cells, PPT download of molecules that make up cells, .PPT format;
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