"Infectious Diseases and Their Prevention" Infectious Diseases and Immunity PPT Courseware 3

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"Infectious Diseases and Their Prevention" Infectious Diseases and Immunity PPT Courseware 3

Which of the following diseases are infectious diseases? What are non-communicable diseases?

Influenza, coronary heart disease, hepatitis B, dental caries,

Onychomycosis, tuberculosis

Infectious diseases: influenza, hepatitis A, onychomycosis, tuberculosis

Non-communicable diseases: coronary heart disease, dental caries

What is the difference between communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases?

Myopia: caused by changes in the patient's own eye structure and cannot be contagious.

Conjunctivitis: caused by foreign pathogenic bacteria or viruses and is contagious.

discuss:

1. Why should you cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief when you cough or sneeze?

Answer: The main transmission routes of influenza are droplets and airborne transmission. When a person with influenza coughs or sneezes, a large number of droplets containing influenza viruses will be spread into the air. If the air containing the droplets is inhaled by people around them, they may contract influenza. Therefore, when coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief to avoid infecting others.

2. Why are the elderly and children more susceptible to influenza?

Answer: The elderly and children have poor physical fitness and weak resistance to infectious diseases, so they are more susceptible to influenza.

think:

1. The dishes and chopsticks used by hepatitis patients should be separated from those of family members, otherwise the family members may be easily infected with hepatitis. Tableware in restaurants must be strictly disinfected, otherwise customers may easily contract infectious diseases such as hepatitis, influenza, and bacillary dysentery.

Is there any scientific basis for the above statement? Talk about your understanding.

2. In 1988, hepatitis A was epidemic in Shanghai. It was later found that it was caused by eating unclean hairy clams. This kind of hairy cockles became the _______ of the hepatitis A epidemic.

3. When an infectious disease spreads among the population, what steps must it go through from the pathogen to the patient?

Answer: It has to go through three links: source of infection, route of transmission and susceptible groups.

Think about it?

After diagnosing someone as having an infectious disease, the doctor immediately takes the following measures:

(1) Give the patient medicine and injection for treatment; ( )

(2) Disinfect the patient’s utensils; ( )

(3) The patient’s family members are not allowed to go out and outsiders are not allowed to visit; ( )

(4) Provide preventive injections to nearby residents; ( )

Could you please indicate which of these measures belong to it?

A. Control the source of infection B. Cut off the transmission route

C. Protect susceptible groups D. A and C

Human infectious diseases

According to different pathogens, they can be divided into:

1. Parasitic diseases: Ascariasis, taeniasis, kala-azar, schistosomiasis, trachoma, etc.

2. Bacterial infectious diseases: bacillary dysentery, whooping cough, typhoid, tetanus, etc.

3. Viral infectious diseases: rabies, influenza, hepatitis, Japanese encephalitis, AIDS, etc.

summary:

1. The concept of infectious diseases

2. Three basic links in the epidemic of infectious diseases

3. General measures to prevent infectious diseases

4. Types of human infectious diseases

Fill in the blanks:

1. The epidemic of infectious diseases must have three basic links: ______, ______, and ______.

2. Infectious diseases are diseases caused by and can be spread between people or between people and animals. It has the characteristics of ______ and ______.

3. Human infectious diseases can be divided into ______, ______, ______, ______ according to different transmission routes.

4. The general measures to prevent infectious diseases are: ______, ______, ______.

5. The source of infection refers to people or animals that can spread ______.

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Update Time: 2024-09-09

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