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"Industrial Revolution" The wave of industrial civilization sweeping the world PPT
Part One: Overview of the Industrial Revolution
In the ______ century____, the Industrial Revolution first started with the ______ industry of ______, with ____________ gradually replacing ______ and later expanding to other industries. This major change in industry, science, technology, etc. is called the Industrial Revolution. Its mark started with the invention and use of ______, bringing mankind into ______.
Engels said: "While the revolutionary storm swept across France, Britain was undergoing a relatively quiet but not less powerful change."
First up: UK
Start time: 1760s
Start industry: Cotton textile industry
Beginning: Hargreaves invents the Jenny Machine
Why did the Industrial Revolution happen in England first?
1. Political premise: After the British bourgeois revolution, the ruling status of the bourgeoisie was established, a capitalist democratic system (constitutional monarchy) was established, and the obstacles that restricted the development of productive forces were cleared.
2. Capital and market: Through overseas colonial plunder, slave trade, overseas trade, etc., a large amount of original capital has been accumulated and overseas markets have been expanded.
Industrial Revolution PPT, Part 2: The conditions (reasons) of the earliest industrial revolution in Britain
Political premise: establishing bourgeois rule and establishing the capitalist system through bourgeois revolution
Resources: Abundant domestic resources (Britain is rich in coal and iron resources, which can smelt large amounts of iron and increase iron production.)
Capital: obtained through overseas colonial plunder, slave trade, and overseas trade
Market: P59 The first sentence of the information is that Britain is the largest colonial empire and has a vast overseas market.
Labor force: The enclosure movement turned a large number of farmers into cheap free labor
Technology: further development of production technology in manual workshops
Industrial Revolution PPT, Part 3: The Process of the Industrial Revolution
This spinning wheel was invented in the early 16th century. It uses pedals to drive the spinning wheel to spin. This kind of spinning wheel can perform two tasks of twisting cotton thread and winding cotton thread at the same time, but the productivity is very low.
The long threads on the loom are warp threads, and the weft threads shuttle between the warp threads. There are pedals under the loom, and the weavers use the pedals to work.
The British clockmaker Ackley invented the water-powered spinning machine. This kind of water-powered spinning machine has four pairs of reels and uses water as power. The yarn spun is tough and strong, but relatively thick. Shortly thereafter, the first cotton spinning mills in Britain that used water to turn spinning machines appeared.
Can you please use an example to prove the significant changes brought by the steam engine to the transportation industry?
1. Steamboat: 1807 Fulton (USA)
In 1807, the first steamboat "Clermont" built by the American Fulton successfully made a trial voyage on the inland river.
2. Train: 1814 Stephenson (UK)
He invented a steam locomotive in 1814, which was called a "train" because fire kept coming out of its chimney as it moved forward.
Industrial Revolution PPT, Part 4: The Impact of the Industrial Revolution
1. Created huge productivity and brought about earth-shaking changes in the face of society.
2. Society is increasingly divided into two directly opposing classes, namely the industrial bourgeoisie and the industrial proletariat.
3. After the Industrial Revolution, capitalism finally defeated feudalism, and the Western capitalist countries that took the lead in completing the Industrial Revolution gradually established their dominance over the world. The world has formed a situation in which the West is advanced and the East is backward.
How to face the disadvantages brought about by industrialization?
While developing industrialization, attention should be paid to the problem of ecological environment pollution. Minimize and eliminate the negative consequences of industrialization, make rational use of new scientific and technological achievements, and seek advantages and avoid disadvantages.
Inspiration from the Industrial Revolution
① Science and technology are huge productive forces; science and technology promote social progress;
② We must learn from scientists’ spiritual qualities of being brave in innovation and striving to explore the mysteries of science.
Industrial Revolution PPT, Part 5: Classroom Exercises
1. The Industrial Revolution first began in the ________ sector of ________ (country).
2． The most iconic technological invention in the first industrial revolution was ( )
A. Inventing the spinning jenny B. Invention of the steam locomotive
C． Watt's improved steam engine D. Invention of the mule machine
3. In the middle of the 19th century, the only industrial country in the world was ( )
A. United States B. France C. Italy D. U.K.
4. In 1814, the locomotive invented by Stephenson was powered by ( )
A. ElectricityB. Manpower C. Steam D. hydraulic
5． The Industrial Revolution replaced ________ labor with ________ production.
6. The first industrial revolution brought mankind to ( )
A. Steam Age B. electrical age
C． Information Age D. technological age
7． The country that took the lead in completing the industrial revolution in the world was ( )
A. United StatesB. France C. Italy D. U.K.
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