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"Ideology, Culture and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period" PPT Courseware 2 during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties
Read the first paragraph of P44 and answer:
1. In which period did the various schools of thought appear?
2. What do the various schools of thought refer to?
3. What kind of situation does the heated debate among various schools of thought create?
Taoist - Laozi
1. The founder of Taoism is _______ (also known as ______), and he wrote the book "______" (also known as "______").
2. Lao Tzu’s thoughts: ____________________; proposition: ____________.
3. Speech: When misfortunes come, blessings depend on them; when blessings come, misfortunes fall upon them.
It's a blessing in disguise, how could you know it's not a blessing?
Talk about it
What kind of person do you know Confucius is?
Confucius, named Qiu and courtesy name Zhongni, was a native of Qufu, State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period. Confucius is the founder of Confucianism. He is a great thinker and educator who has great influence in China and the world.
Briefly summarize Confucius’ thoughts and deeds.
1. Main idea: Promote "benevolence" and "propriety"
2. Author: "The Analects of Confucius" (compiled by disciples based on remarks)
3. Status: Confucius was a great thinker, great educator, and the founder of Confucianism. In Chinese history, Confucianism has long been dominant.
4. Quote: Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you. (Put yourself in someone else’s shoes)
5. Maxims about educational ideas and teaching methods:
Learn and practice from time to time, review the old and learn the new. Know what you know, and don’t know what you don’t know.
If you learn without thinking, you will be in vain; if you think without learning, you will suffer. When three people walk together, there must be my teacher.
Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude
Mohist family——Mo Zi
1. The founder of Mohism is ______,
2. Mozi’s proposition:
Advocates "non-aggression" and "universal love", and opposes unjust wars;
Promote "rewarding talents" and oppose nepotism;
He also advocates "frugality" and opposes luxury and waste.
Legalist——Han Feizi
1. The master of Legalism was ______ at the end of ______, and his work was ____________.
2. His propositions include:
(1) History is ____________;
(2) Emphasis on ____________;
(3) Advocate ____________.
1. Mencius:
A representative figure of Confucianism during the Warring States Period and the successor of Confucius's teachings.
2. Mencius’ thoughts and ideas:
Thought: benevolent government
Standing: The people are more valuable than the king, the weather is not as good as the right location, and the geographical convenience is not as good as the people.
Aphorism: Riches and honors cannot be lascivious, poverty and lowliness cannot be moved, and power cannot bend.
Book: "Mencius"
Example:
Wealth and honor cannot be licentious: Fan Zhongyan’s "Be happy when the world is happy first, then be happy when the world is happy"
Poverty and lowliness cannot be transferred: Tao Yuanming "will not give up for five buckets of rice"
Mighty and unyielding: Sima Qian endured humiliation and wrote "Historical Records", Su Wu Muyang, etc.
Do this today: society should vigorously publicize materials in this area, lash out bad trends, and form a righteous atmosphere so that the awe-inspiring spirit can flourish; individuals should strengthen their standards of conduct, conduct, moral sentiments, etc., so that the awe-inspiring spirit can become a common practice.
Thinking and discussion: Which of Confucianism, Taoism and Legalism is more suitable for the era of great changes?
legalism
What kind of ideas are more suitable for ruling in stable periods?
Merger of Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism
The historical influence of various schools of thought
Confucianism
It gave birth to the political ideals and moral principles in our country’s traditional culture.
Taoism
Philosophical thoughts that constitute traditional thought for more than two thousand years.
legalism
The idea of change in it has become the theoretical weapon for progressive thinkers and politicians of all ages to reform and govern.
knowledge consolidation
1. The founder of Confucianism is ( )
A.Laozi B.Mencius C.Confucius D.Xunzi
2. The thinker who put forward the view that "the people are more important than the monarch" is ( )
A.Laozi B.Mencius C.Confucius D.Xunzi
3. Which of the following views does not belong to Han Feizi ( )
A. Oppose unjust wars
B. Reforms should be carried out according to actual needs
C. Power should be concentrated in the hands of the monarch
D. Rule the country by law
4. Xiao Ming failed in the mock exam that just ended. His father was furious and said that he wanted to "take care of the family". His mother quickly said: "We need to educate our children well and make him progress." Grandpa said slowly: "It's not all a bad thing if you failed in the exam this time. If you know where the difference is, bad things can also turn into good things."
Among them, my grandfather’s remarks are closest to the views of which school of thought in ancient my country ( )
Which school of thought in ancient my country is closest to what my mother said? ( )
Which school of thought in ancient my country is closest to my father’s remarks? ( )
A Confucianism B Legalism C Taoism D Mohism
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"Ideology, Culture and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period" PPT Courseware 3 of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties:
"Ideology, Culture and Science and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods" PPT Courseware of the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties 3 Learning Objectives 1. Knowledge Objectives: Know the Confucian school founded by Confucius and Confucius' educational thoughts; understand Laozi, Mozi, Han Fei, Zhuangzi, Mencius and other philosophers The basics of a hundred schools of thought and a hundred schools of thought contending..
"Ideology, Culture and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period" PPT courseware during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties:
"Ideology, Culture and Technology in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period" PPT courseware for the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. Read the book with questions: 1. What are the Hundred Schools of Thought? 2. How did the situation of contention among a hundred schools of thought come about? 3. What is the background of this situation? Read and answer quickly: 1. The founding of Taoism..