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"High School Entrance Examination Real Questions Link" Buoyancy PPT
►Type 1 Buoyancy
1．2018·Neijiang Regarding the buoyancy force exerted on an object immersed in water, which of the following statements is correct ( )
A. The greater the density of an object, the greater the buoyant force it experiences
B. The deeper an object is submerged in water, the greater the buoyant force it experiences
C. The greater the volume of water an object displaces, the greater the buoyant force it experiences.
D． Objects floating on the water experience a greater buoyant force than objects sinking at the bottom
2.2017·Neijiang The indications of the spring force gauge before and after the object is immersed in water are shown in Figure 10-T-6. It can be seen that the mass of the object is ____kg and the buoyancy force on the object is ____N. (g is taken as 10 N/kg)
3．2017·Heze As shown in Figure 10-T-7, draw a schematic diagram of the buoyancy force exerted by the balloon in the air.
4. 2018·Taizhou An experimental group conducted an experiment as shown in Figure 10-T-8 when exploring "factors affecting the size of buoyancy."
Observing the diagram and comparing the relevant data in the diagram, we can see that:
(1) When an object is gradually immersed in water, the pressure on the bottom surface of the object will gradually ____.
(2) When an object is immersed in water, the buoyant force it experiences is ____N.
(3) Comparing the two pictures (b) and (c), it can be concluded that the larger the ____________, the greater the buoyancy force on the object.
(4) Comparing the two pictures of ______, we can see that the buoyancy force on an object is related to the density of the liquid.
►Type 2 Archimedes’ Principle
5．2018·Deyang Aluminum balls, copper blocks and wooden blocks with the same volume are immersed in liquid as shown in Figure 10-T-9. Then compare the buoyancy forces they receive ( )
A. The aluminum ball experiences the greatest buoyancy
B. The block experiences the greatest buoyant force
C. The copper block experiences the greatest buoyant force
D． They experience the same buoyant force
6．2018·Jiangxi As shown in Figure 10-T-10, two identical buckets filled with water are placed on the two trays of the adjusted balance, with a small wooden block floating on the right bucket. Which of the following statements about which way the balance will tilt is correct ( )
A. The balance does not tilt
B. Tilt to the left
C. Tilt to the right
D． Unable to judge
7.2018·Leshan Xiao Ming placed the overflow cup filled with water on the electronic scale, then hung the aluminum block with a spring dynamometer, and slowly immersed it in the water in the overflow cup, as shown in Figure 10-T-11. When the aluminum block is immersed in water, the pressure of the water at the bottom of the overflow cup will _____ (optional "get bigger", "get smaller" or "unchanged"), and the reading of the electronic scale will ______ (optional "change" Big", "smaller" or "unchanged").
8. 2018·Henan An experimental team used spring dynamometers, small stones, overflow cups and other equipment to explore the relationship between the size of the buoyancy force and the gravity of the displaced liquid according to the steps shown in Figure 10-T-12.
(1) First use a spring dynamometer to measure the gravity of the empty barrel and the stone respectively. The gravity of the stone is ____N.
(2) Immerse the stone in an overflow cup filled with water. The buoyancy force on the stone is ____N. The gravity exerted by the water displaced by the stone can be measured in two steps: ______ (fill in the letter code).
(3) From the above steps, a preliminary conclusion can be drawn: the buoyancy force on an object immersed in water is equal to _____________.
(4) In order to reach a more general conclusion, the following continuation of the operation is unreasonable ____.
A. Use the original plan and equipment to measure multiple times and take the average
B. Experiment using the original plan by replacing water with alcohol
C. Use the original plan to replace the stone with an iron block with a different volume and conduct an experiment.
(5) In step C, another experimental group immersed only part of the stone in water, and the other steps were performed correctly, then ____ (select "can" or "cannot") get the same results as (3) in conclusion.
►Type 3: Floating and sinking conditions and applications of objects
9．2018·Yulin As shown in Figure 10-T-13, if the "Yulin" guided missile frigate sails into the Pearl River from the sea, the following analysis is correct ( )
A. The buoyancy becomes smaller and the hull floats higher.
B. The buoyancy increases and the ship sinks a little.
C. The buoyancy remains unchanged and the hull sinks a little.
D． The buoyancy remains unchanged and the hull floats a little higher.
10．2018·Heilongjiang: With sea power in hand, a country will prosper. Building a strong navy is a powerful guarantee for realizing the Chinese Dream, and submarines are a strategic weapon of the navy. Figure 10-T-14 shows the training process of the "Qiangguo" submarine of a certain fleet of the Chinese Navy suspended, buoyed and floated in sea water. Which of the following analysis of this submarine is correct ( )
A. The buoyancy force experienced when levitating and floating is equal
B. The weight of the displaced seawater when floating is the smallest
C. The buoyancy force gradually increases during the floating process.
D． When floating, the seawater pressure on the bottom of a submarine is the greatest.
11.2018·Huzhou A cylinder is placed into two liquids with densities ρ1 and ρ2, both of which are in a floating state, as shown in Figure 10-T-15. The buoyancy forces experienced by the cylinder in the two liquids are F1 and F2 in sequence, then ( )
A. ρ1>ρ2, F1>F2
B. ρ1＜ρ2, F1＜F2
C. ρ1<ρ2, F1＝F2
D． ρ1>ρ2, F1=F2
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