"Heat Engine" Heat and Energy PPT Courseware 2

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"Heat Engine" Heat and Energy PPT Courseware 2

1. Two ways to utilize internal energy _______, ______

2. The gasoline engine inhales _________ during the suction stroke.

______ can be converted into ______ during the compression stroke

During the power stroke, ______ can be converted into ______

3. A working cycle includes ___ strokes, the piston reciprocates ___ times, the crankshaft rotates __ times, and does work __ times.

4. The three auxiliary strokes are _____, ______, and _____

some fuel for life

Dry firewood, coal, straw, charcoal,

Alcohol, gasoline, diesel,

Natural gas, coal gas, hydrogen

life experience

Due to different types of fuel, the amount of heat released when burning different fuels of the same quality is generally different.

Calorific value of fuel:

1. Definition: The heat released by the complete combustion of 1 kg of a certain fuel is called the calorific value of the fuel.

2. Symbols

3. Unit J/Kg J/m3

4. Physical meaning

Note: The calorific value is the same as the specific heat capacity and density. It is usually a fixed value. It remains unchanged. No matter what you do, the calorific value of the fuel cannot be changed.

Class exercises (see who masters them well)

1. If two-thirds of a bottle of alcohol is used, the density, specific heat capacity and calorific value of the remaining alcohol ( )

A． become one-third of the original value

B． The density and specific heat capacity remain unchanged, but the calorific value becomes one-third of the original value.

C. Nothing changes

D. The calorific value remains unchanged, but the density and specific heat capacity become one-third of their original values.

2. Regarding the calorific value of fuel, which of the following statements is correct?

A． The calorific value of fuel is related to the combustion condition of the fuel

B． A fuel that burns easily must have a high calorific value

C. The calorific value of coal is greater than that of dry firewood. The heat released by burning coal must be greater than the heat released by burning dry firewood.

D. 0.5g gasoline and 2kg gasoline have the same calorific value

E. The calorific value of coal is greater than that of dry firewood. The heat released by burning coal of the same mass must be greater than the heat released by burning dry firewood.

F. The heat released by burning 1 kilogram of a certain fuel is called the calorific value of the fuel.

G. The calorific value of incomplete combustion of fuel is smaller than that of complete combustion.

Try your hand 1

1. The calorific value of alcohol is 3.0×107J/kg. How much heat can be released when 1g of alcohol is completely burned?

2. The calorific value of natural gas is 7.0×107J/m3. How much heat can be released by completely burning 0.3m3 of alcohol?

Try your hand 2

Xiao Ming wants to heat 2kg of water with an initial temperature of 20℃ to 70℃.

1. How much heat does this water need to absorb?

2. How many m3 of liquefied gas does Xiao Ming need to burn? (The calorific value of liquefied gas is 5×107J/m3)

3. In actual life, the liquefied gas used by Xiao Ming is larger or smaller than the above value? Why?

Breakthroughs in High School Entrance Examination Question Types

Xiao Ming uses kerosene to heat water with a volume of 5L and a temperature of 20°C to 60°C.

1. What is the mass of this water?

2. How much heat does this water need to absorb?

[At a standard atmospheric pressure]

3. If 40% of the heat released by complete combustion of kerosene is absorbed by water, how much kerosene needs to be completely burned?

[The calorific value of kerosene is 4×107J/kg]

heat engine efficiency

The ratio of the energy used to do useful work to the energy released by complete combustion of the fuel is called the efficiency of the heat engine

Causes of energy loss in heat engines

1. The exhaust gas takes away some energy

2. Fuel cannot be burned completely

3. Overcoming the friction of the machine itself requires some energy.

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Heat and Energy Thermal Engine", please click the Heat and Energy ppt Heat Engine ppt tab.

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Update Time: 2024-09-06

This template belongs to Physics courseware Lu Jiao Edition Ninth Grade Physics Volume 2 industry PPT template

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