"Fish I Want" PPT Courseware 12

"Fish I Want" PPT Courseware 12

1. Introduction of new courses

Read famous quotes and talk about experiences

Born for dignity, born for freedom

Born for fame, born for justice

Wealth and honor cannot lead to sexual immorality, poverty and lowliness cannot change, and power and authority cannot yield. This is called a true man. (Mencius)

Life is truly precious, but love is even more valuable. If it is for freedom, both can be thrown away. (Hungary Petofi)

Since ancient times, no one has died, leaving a loyal heart to illuminate history. (Wen Tianxiang)

Beheading does not matter, as long as the principle is true. Kill Xia Minghan and the people who came after him. (Xia Minghan)

About the Author

Mencius, named Ke and Ziyu, was a native of Zou during the Warring States Period. He is another important representative of Confucianism after Confucius, and was later called the "Ya Sage".

Mencius was born during the Warring States Period, when the war between princes was at its most intense. He inherited and carried forward Confucius's thoughts. He put forward the proposition that "the people value the monarch over others" and opposed predatory wars.

For this reason, he went to various countries to lobby the princes, opposed "tyranny", and advocated "benevolent government" and "kingly way" centered on "benevolence" and "righteousness".

pronunciation

Not for the sake of gain wéi For the beauty of the palace wèi wéi

Do nothing worse than the dead wù箪dān

xiàng 边 gēng 贴 cù concubine qiè

Pause and stress

Such as making / what people want / nothing more than life

There is nothing worse than death

Township/Death for one's own sake and not accept it. Today/for the beauty of the palace/for it

Yes/No, it’s okay

Read the text aloud and gain overall understanding

1. Eliminate pronunciation barriers by comparing reading and annotation.

2. If you have any words or sentences you don’t understand, underline them and be prepared to question them. If you have any sentences that you particularly appreciate, please underline them and prepare them for communication.

3. Refer to the notes to understand the main idea of ​​the article.

Read the text by yourself and grasp the content

Read the text by yourself, refer to the notes, understand the meaning of the text, outline what you don’t understand, and prepare to question it.

The fish is what I want, and the bear's paw is also what I want. You cannot have both, and you would give up the fish and take the bear's paw. Life is what I want, and righteousness is what I want. You cannot have both, and you must sacrifice life for righteousness.

Translation:

Fish is what I like, and bear paws are also what I like. (If) two things cannot be obtained at the same time, (then), (I will) give up fish and choose bear paws. Life is what I like, righteousness It is also what I like. If I cannot have these two things at the same time, then I will have to sacrifice my life and choose righteousness.

Life is what I want, and what I want is more than life, so I don't want to get it. Death is also what I hate, but what I hate is even worse than the dead, so I cannot cure my suffering.

Translation:

Life is what I love, but there are things that I love more than life, so I don’t do anything just to survive; death is what I hate, but there are things that I hate more than death, so there are I will not avoid disaster.

Explore

"What you want is more than living things" What things can "what you want" refer to?

The "desired" here should refer to the cause of justice. Such as doing things beneficial to the people, doing things for national construction, standing up for the safety of others, etc.

“What is worse than the dead?” What kind of things can “evil” refer to?

The "evil" here should refer to unjust things. Illegal and immoral things, such as rebellion against the country, corruption and bribery, abuse of power, murder and arson, and other things that endanger the country and the people.

What does "the right mind" in "A person who is not a sage have a right mind" mean?

It refers to the heart of compassion, the heart of shame, the heart of resignation, the heart of right and wrong, etc.

Why is it said that "no one is uniquely sage but everyone has it, so a sage will not lose his ears"?

Mencius advocated that human nature is good. "In the beginning, human beings are inherently good." But only virtuous people can maintain noble conduct without losing their kindness (nature, conscience).

Clarify the ideas of argumentation and master reasoning methods

1. What is the argument of this article? How is it put forward? Why not put it forward directly?

The argument is: "Life is what I want, and righteousness is what I want. You cannot have both, and you have to sacrifice life for righteousness."

This argument is drawn from the metaphor of "fish" and "bear's paw". The reason for setting up metaphors first and then putting forward arguments is because "fish" and "bear's paws" are well-known delicacies, and "bear's paws" are the more beautiful among them. You cannot have both, and it is reasonable and logical to choose the most beautiful one. From here to there, from shallow to deep, the topics of "life" and "righteousness" are derived, naturally and clearly.

2. After the argument is put forward, how does the article discuss the argument layer by layer?

In the first paragraph, the author uses metaphors to introduce the point of view of "sacrifice one's life for righteousness" and elaborates on it from the positive and negative sides. Immediately after "Not only the sages have the heart of truth, but everyone has it, and the wise can do it without losing their ears." A new proposition is put forward: everyone has the heart of "truth" (i.e., the original heart), but the "sage" can Keep it.

Paragraph 2 is the discussion and elucidation of this proposition. The author uses the story that ordinary people and beggars are unwilling to accept "food that comes from the door" to prove that everyone has "original intention", and uses the story of accepting "ten thousand bells" without arguing about etiquette and justice to summarize the habits of people who have lost their "original intention" behavior, and criticize and ridicule it.

writing traits

1. The discussion was rigorous and in-depth.

The article focuses on the central argument of "sacrifice one's life for righteousness", discusses the relationship between life and death and "righteousness" from the positive side, and points out that sacrificing one's life for righteousness is the original intention of man; and discusses the negative side that forgetting righteousness for profit is the loss of one's original intention, thus reiterating the argument of the article. The structure is rigorous and deepened layer by layer.

2. Make good use of metaphors.

The opening chapter uses the metaphor of fish and bear's paw to introduce the central argument. In the second paragraph, "Those who practice the Dao will not be tolerated" and "Beggars are disdainful" are vivid metaphors for keeping one's righteousness without being dishonored.

3. Make good use of contrast.

The first paragraph illustrates the principle of "righteousness" being more important than "sheng" by comparing pros and cons, reasoning from negative assumptions, and using positive facts to illustrate that people can not be greedy for life and avoid avoidance of danger. The second paragraph demonstrates with examples, compares positive and negative examples, illustrates people's different attitudes towards the temptation of profit, criticizes people who lose shame and shame in pursuit of personal fame and fortune, and reiterates the central argument.

Summarize the full text

This article is a reasoning essay discussing moral standards and political integrity. The author uses a serious attitude and solemn words to explain the relationship between life and death and "righteousness", pointing out that the value of "righteousness" is higher than life. An upright person and a morally cultivated person should live and die for righteousness. When necessary, he should "sacrifice his life for righteousness" and should not "see gain and forget his righteousness." It is not advisable to pursue wealth without discerning etiquette and justice.

Expand and extend

Thinking and discussion: Thousands of years ago, Mencius put forward the problem of "you cannot have your cake and eat it too" and the view that one should "sacrifice one's life for righteousness". So in our modern society, faced with more and more temptations, facing In the various tests of life, what choices should we make?

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Fish I Want, I Want It", please click on the Fish I Want It ppt tag.

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