"Versailles-Washington System" The world under the Versailles-Washington System PPT courseware 5

Description

"Versailles-Washington System" The world under the Versailles-Washington System PPT courseware 5

Looking back at history

The nature of the First World War——

imperialist war

What is the fundamental purpose of the imperialist countries in launching this war?

Fight for colonies and world hegemony

What was the outcome of the First World War?

ended with the defeat of the Allies

The ambitions of the great powers

The United States attempts to seize postwar world hegemony

Britain advocated weakening the German navy, depriving it of its colonies and making it pay war reparations, but it was unwilling to weaken Germany too much.

France will weaken Germany as much as possible, take back Alsace and Lorraine, and demand as much reparations as possible to reestablish hegemony on the European continent.

Japan demands the right to legally occupy the former German Pacific Islands and China's Shandong

Italy demands that Britain and France honor their war commitments in order to establish hegemony in the Mediterranean

1. Paris Peace Conference

1. Time January 1919

Location Palace of Versailles, Paris

2. "Big Three"

France Clemenceau

British Lloyd George

beauty wilson

3. Purpose:

In order to redivide the world, compete for world hegemony, and establish a new international order, imperialist countries

4. Central question

Peace Treaty with Germany ("Treaty of Versailles")

Time and place: Versailles, June 1919

In essence, it was a predatory treaty that slaughtered Germany at the expense of the interests of small and weak nations.

Explaining the nature of imperialist war, the Paris Peace Conference was a conference on the division of spoils

5. The nature of the Paris Peace Conference

Imperialist spoils-sharing conference for the purpose of re-dividing the world

Thinking expansion

Read citations from the Nine Powers Pact

Article 1 The Contracting Parties, except China, agree:

(1) Respect China’s sovereignty and independence, as well as its territorial and administrative integrity; …

(3)... Establish and maintain the principle of equal business and industrial opportunities for all countries throughout China;

(4) Do not take advantage of the situation in China to seek special rights and reduce the rights of the people of friendly countries, and must not encourage actions that are detrimental to the security of friendly countries.

1. Which treaty do the relevant clauses in the material come from? At which meeting was it signed?

Nine-Power Pact, Washington Conference

2. The material mainly mediates the contradictions between which two imperialist countries? How is the result?

United States, Japan

The result was the establishment of imperialist rule in East Asia and the Pacific.

3. Material 2 states that all contracting states must "respect China's sovereignty and independence, as well as its territorial and administrative integrity." What do you understand by this?

This treaty only superficially respects China's independence and territorial and sovereign integrity. In fact, it provides conditions for the United States' aggression and expansion in China. Although it breaks Japan's monopoly on China, China has returned to the common destiny of several imperialist countries. dominant situation.

4. Material 2: What principles does the treaty stipulate that countries implement in China’s business and industry? What is its essence?

Open door, equal opportunities

Facilitates U.S. expansion in China

5. Based on the description in Material 3, what impact do you think the signing of these treaties will have on China?

(1) To return China to a situation where several imperialist countries jointly dominate

(2) Opening the door for the United States to expand in China

(3) Breaking Japan’s dominance over China during World War I

3. The formation and influence of the Versailles-Washington system

1. The formation process of the Versailles-Washington system

Paris Peace Conference: Forming the “Versailles System” of imperialism in the West after World War I

Washington Conference: Forming the “Washington System” of imperialism in the Far East and Ocean after World War I

2. The essence of the Versailles-Washington system

Imperialism establishes a new post-war world order

3. The influence of the Versailles-Washington system

It only temporarily coordinated the interests of the imperialist countries after the war. It was impossible to fundamentally eliminate the contradictions among the imperialist countries. Therefore, it was impossible to maintain it for a long time.

Effect detection

1. Which of the following is not part of the Treaty of Versailles ( )

A. France regains Alsace and Lorraine

B. Germany’s colonies were divided among Britain, France, Japan and other countries

C. Prohibit the implementation of compulsory military service in Germany

D. The United States gained equal control of the sea with Britain.

2. The content of the Treaty of Versailles that best reflects the nature of the spoils of the Paris Peace Conference is ( )

(1) Germany’s privileges in Shandong, China are transferred to Japan

(2) Strict restrictions on Germany’s armaments

(3) The west bank of the Rhine was occupied by Allied forces for 15 years

(4) Divide Germany’s overseas colonies in the form of “mandate rule”

A.(1)(2) B.(1)(4)

C.(3)(4) D.(2)(3)

3. Which of the following statements about the Nine-Nation Convention is incorrect ( )

A. China participated in formulating

B． Japan's aggressive rights in China have been hit

C. China's sovereignty and integrity are respected

D. It embodies the United States’ principles of “open door” and “equal opportunity” toward China.

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