"Entering the Chemistry Laboratory" Entering the World of Chemistry PPT Courseware 2

"Entering the Chemistry Laboratory" Entering the World of Chemistry PPT Courseware 2

learning target

1. Able to perform basic experimental operations such as taking solid and liquid medicines.

2. Learn to use observation, experiment and other methods to obtain information.

3. Initially develop good experimental habits.

4. Develop a scientific spirit that is diligent in thinking, rigorous and realistic, and courageous in practice, and develop an interest in learning chemistry.

Chemistry Laboratory Rules

1. Many chemicals are flammable, explosive, corrosive or toxic.

2. The use of medicines must comply with:

(1) The "three no's" principle: do not touch medicines with your hands, do not put your nostrils to the mouth of the container to smell the smell of medicines (especially gases), and do not taste the taste of any medicines. (i.e. don’t take it, don’t smell it, don’t taste it)

(2) Principle of economy: Drugs should be taken in strict accordance with the dosage specified in the experiment. If the dosage is not specified, the liquid should generally be taken in the minimum amount (about 1~2mL), and the solid only needs to cover the bottom of the test tube.

(3) Disposal principles: Do not put it back into the original bottle, do not throw it away at will, let alone take it out of the laboratory, and put it into the designated container. (Three things are not necessary)

During the experiment, the general method of handling the remaining drugs is ( )

A.Put it back into the original bottle B.Pour it into the wastewater pool

C. Discard in place D. Put in designated container

Analysis: Mastering the principles of disposal of leftover drugs is the key to answering this question, but at the same time, the reasons for the "three no's" and the consequences of not operating according to the regulations should also be clarified, otherwise it is very easy to incorrectly choose A for this question. Putting it back into the original bottle may contaminate the reagents in the original bottle; pouring it into the wastewater pool will pollute the water; discarding it in place will pollute the environment.

A student put a rusty iron nail into a test tube and found that the bottom of the test tube was broken by the iron nail. The operation that could not have such consequences is ( )

A. Put iron nails into the upright test tube

B. First place the test tube horizontally, use tweezers to place the iron nail at the mouth of the test tube and quickly stand up the test tube.

C. First lay the test tube horizontally, use tweezers to place the iron nail at the mouth of the test tube, then slowly stand the test tube upright, and let the iron nail slide into the bottom of the test tube along the wall of the test tube.

D. The test tube is slightly tilted. Use tweezers to place the iron nail at the mouth of the test tube and quickly stand up the test tube.

Analysis: When placing denser block solids or metal particles into a test tube, you should first place the test tube horizontally, place the medicine or metal particles at the mouth of the test tube, and then slowly stand the test tube upright so that the medicine or metal particles can slowly Gently slide it into the bottom of the tube so as not to break the container. Operation methods A, B, and D all cause the iron nail to quickly fall from the mouth of the test tube to the bottom of the test tube, and may break the bottom of the test tube. That is, the correct operation method is "one horizontal", "two placing" and "three slow and vertical".

Summary of this lesson

1. Principles for taking medicines:

(1) The "three no's" principle: do not touch medicines with your hands, do not put your nostrils to the mouth of the container to smell the smell of medicines (especially gases), and do not taste the taste of any medicines.

(2) Principle of economy: Drugs should be taken in strict accordance with the dosage specified in the experiment. If the dosage is not specified, the liquid should generally be taken in the minimum amount (about 1~2mL), and the solids only need to cover the bottom of the test tube.

(3) Disposal principles: Do not put it back into the original bottle, do not throw it away at will, let alone take it out of the laboratory, and put it into the designated container.

2. Solid medicines are generally placed in wide-mouth bottles and taken with a spoon or tweezers.

3. Liquid medicines are generally stored in narrow-mouth bottles. When pouring, the stopper should be turned upside down and the label should face the palm of the hand.

1. As shown in the picture, some bottles containing chemical substances have hazard warning labels on them. Below are some hazard warning labels. The bottle containing concentrated sulfuric acid is labeled ( )

2. When taking medicines, if the dosage is not stated, the minimum amount taken is ( )

A.0.5ml B.1~2ml C.3~4ml D.5~6ml

3. After completing the experiment, what do you think is the correct treatment method for used waste acid? ( )

A. Take it out of the laboratory B. Leave it on the experimental table to prepare for the next experiment

C. Pour into the waste liquid tank D. Put back the original bottle

4. Use ( ) when putting calcium carbonate powder into the test tube

A. Tweezers B. Glass rod

C. Feed it with a medicine spoon or paper trough D. Pour it from a reagent bottle

5. Which of the following is incorrect about taking medicines and their dosage ( )

A. Use a medicine spoon to take solid medicines, and put powdered medicines into test tubes using paper slots.

B. Bulk medicines can be picked up with tweezers

C. The dosage of solid medicines is not specified. The medicines taken only need to cover the bottom of the test tube.

D. For larger zinc particles, you can first use tweezers to put them into the mouth of the test tube, then quickly raise them up so that they slide into the bottom.

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