"Energy and Sustainable Development" PPT courseware

"Energy and Sustainable Development" PPT courseware

1. Directionality of energy transfer and energy conversion

Want to discuss

Since energy is conserved, the energy on the earth will not decrease. Why do we need to save energy?

Example 1 We refine gasoline from petroleum, and the internal combustion engine converts the chemical energy stored in the energy into mechanical energy and internal energy of the car.

This mechanical energy and internal energy cannot be converted back into energy that can be utilized.

Example 2 The thermal power plant converts the chemical energy stored in coal into electrical energy for production and daily use.

After using electrical appliances to convert electrical energy into various forms of internal energy, light energy, and mechanical energy, this energy cannot be converted back into energy.

In the process of heat transfer, heat can only be spontaneously transferred from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object, not the other way around. If you want to transfer heat from a low-temperature object to a high-temperature object, you need to consume other forms of energy.

For example, refrigerators consume electricity.

When a car brakes, due to friction, kinetic energy is converted into the internal energy of the tires, ground and air. This consumed energy can no longer be used to drive the car automatically.

The transformation and transfer of energy are directional, some energy can be utilized, and some cannot.

The energy we can use is limited, so we need to save energy.

2. Impact of energy consumption on the environment

Fossil energy is converted into internal energy through combustion, and a considerable part of the internal energy is not effectively utilized, thus causing thermal pollution.

Vehicle exhaust causes air pollution and the urban heat island effect.

The large amount of carbon dioxide produced by fuel combustion intensifies the earth's greenhouse effect.

3. Energy and sustainable development

1. Improve energy utilization and reduce environmental damage during energy use.

2. Develop new ideal energy sources

Non-renewable energy:

Fossil energy, nuclear energy and other energy sources will be used less and less. Impossible to be replenished from nature in the short term, they are collectively called non-renewable energy sources.

Renewable Energy:

Solar energy, wind energy, water energy, etc. can be obtained continuously in nature, so they are collectively called renewable energy.

Ideal new energy for the future

To meet the conditions:

1. It must be rich enough to ensure long-term use;

2. It must be cheap enough to ensure that most people can afford it;

3. The relevant technology must be mature and can be used on a large scale;

4. It must be safe and clean enough to ensure that there will be no serious consequences;

knowledge management

1. Directionality of energy transfer and energy transformation

Content: Energy transformation and energy transfer are all directional. We use energy in the process of energy conversion or transfer, so not all energy can be used.

2. Impact of energy on the environment

Content: When mining and burning coal, methane, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, phosphorus, fluorine, mercury, arsenic, lead and other harmful substances and dust will be emitted. The harm caused by these harmful substances mainly includes the greenhouse effect, acid rain and Direct harm to the human body, etc.

3. Energy and sustainable development

Non-renewable energy: Fossil energy and nuclear energy will be used less and less and cannot be replenished from nature in the short term, so they are non-renewable energy.

Renewable energy: Water energy, wind energy, solar energy, and biomass energy can be continuously obtained in nature, so they are renewable energy sources.

In-person evaluation

1. Which of the following energy sources are renewable energy sources ( )

A. Petroleum, hydropower

B． Wind energy, solar energy

C. natural gas, wind energy

D. coal, biomass

2. Which of the following statements about energy is incorrect ( )

A. For ancient humans, there was a lot of energy available to them

B． The invention of the steam engine brought mankind into industrialized society

C. Fossil energy is the main energy source in the world today

D. Nuclear energy has become an energy source for many economically developed countries

3. "Energy crisis" is a common problem faced by all countries in the world today. In this regard, the following measures are feasible ( )

A. Everyone should consciously save electricity

B． Closure of existing thermal power stations

C. New hydro and wind power stations are to be built everywhere

D. Stop using petroleum resources and replace them with nuclear and solar energy

4. In order to prevent environmental pollution and the intensification of the greenhouse effect, the following fuels are most ideal ( )

A. Coal b. hydrogen

C. Petroleum D. Alcohol

Keywords: Energy and Sustainable Development Teaching Courseware, New People's Education Edition Ninth Grade Physics PPT Courseware, Ninth Grade Physics Slide Courseware Download, Energy and Sustainable Development PPT Courseware Download, .ppt format

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