"Elements" The Mystery of Material Composition PPT Courseware 9

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"Elements" The Mystery of Material Composition PPT Courseware 9

All oxygen atoms with a proton number of 8 (that is, a nuclear charge of 8) are collectively called oxygen elements.

Oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, and mercury oxide all contain oxygen elements

All hydrogen atoms with a proton number of 1 are collectively called hydrogen elements

All carbon atoms with 6 protons are collectively called carbon elements

1. Elements

(1) What are elements:

An element is a general term for a type of atoms with the same number of protons (i.e., nuclear charge).

What is the basis for determining whether two atoms are of the same element?

The number of protons, i.e. the number of nuclear charges, is the same and the elements are the same.

The number of protons, that is, the number of nuclear charges, is different, and the elements are different.

(2) Comparison of elements and atoms:

element

Concept: A general term for a type of atoms with the same number of protons (ie, nuclear charge).

The difference is used to describe the macroscopic composition of matter; only the type is mentioned, not the number.

Example Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen elements

atom

Concept The smallest particle in chemical changes

Difference is used to describe microscopic composition; it expresses both types and numbers.

Example A water molecule is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.

Connection Element is a general term for a type of atoms, and atoms and elements are related to each other individually and as a whole. In chemical reactions, the types of elements remain unchanged, and the types and numbers of atoms also remain unchanged.

2. Element symbols

Science has no national boundaries, and science is for the public. For the convenience of writing and academic communication, internationally unified symbols are used to represent various elements.

1. The element symbol is _________.

2. Writing principles: one big and two small!

The first letter should be uppercase and the second letter should be lowercase

3.The meaning of element symbols

Meaning: represents an element (macro meaning),

Represents one atom of that element (microscopic meaning).

summary:

1. There are two major areas on the periodic table of elements.

2. Horizontal rows - called cycles. 7 horizontal rows are 7 cycles.

3. Columns - clans: 18 verticals and 16 clans

The periodic table of elements is an important tool for learning and researching chemistry.

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Update Time: 2024-09-08

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