"Elements and Compounds in Cells" PPT download of the molecules that make up cells

"Elements and Compounds in Cells" PPT download of the molecules that make up cells

Part One: Introduction of New Knowledge

Crops need nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers; the human body needs calcium, iron, zinc, etc. In order to obtain the corresponding elements for the life activities of cells, what are the elements that make up cells? Are these elements specific to the cell?

Elements and compounds in cells PPT, part 2: new knowledge explanation

Problem discussion

1. Among all the elements that make up living organisms, are there any elements that are unique to living organisms? What does this mean?

2. Is there any difference between the element content in living organisms and the content in the inorganic environment? What does this mean?

The unity and difference between the living and non-living worlds

Unity: The chemical elements that make up cells can be found in the inorganic environment of nature, and no element is unique to life;

Difference: However, the content of elements in cells and in the inorganic environment is different.

Conclusion: Life and non-living inorganic environments have both unity and difference, and life originated from non-living matter.

Knowledge point one

elements that make up cells

1. The most common chemical elements that make up cells are _______.

2.According to content

Macroelements: C H O N P S K Ca Mg, etc.

Trace elements: Fe Mn B Zn Cu Mo, etc.

Conclusion: Both macroelements and trace elements are necessary for the life activities of organisms.

3. The role of some chemical elements

N: Composition of proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, ATP, NADPH and other substances

P: Components that make up ATP and biofilm structure

K: Feeling numbness in limbs

Ca: A component of bones and teeth. Ca deficiency in adults is prone to osteoporosis. Calcium deficiency in human blood is prone to convulsions.

Mg: an important component of chlorophyll

Fe: An important component of hemoglobin and various enzymes. Fe deficiency can cause anemia;

Zn: Deficiency affects human development, leading to stunted development;

B: B deficiency results in flowering but no fruit.

Knowledge point two

compounds that make up cells

The most abundant compound in cells is ______, and the most abundant organic compound is ______.

Are the contents of various compounds in the cells of different biological tissues the same?

think

What are the obvious differences in the types and contents of compounds contained in the cells of pear fruits and leaves?

Knowledge point three

Detect sugars, fats and proteins in biological tissues

1. Experimental principle

Certain chemical reagents can cause relevant organic compounds in biological tissues to produce specific color reactions.

2. Method steps and phenomena

1. Detection and observation of reducing sugars

Note: (1) In the reducing sugar detection experiment, the most ideal experimental materials are biological tissues or organs with high content of reducing sugar (glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, etc.) and lighter color, such as pears, grapes, etc.; Beets, sugar cane, and potato tubers cannot be used because the sucrose rich in beets and sugar cane is not a reducing sugar, and the starch rich in potato tubers is not a reducing sugar. Watermelon, blood, green leaves, etc. cannot be used because of the color of these materials themselves. It will cause interference to the experimental results.

(2) Liquid A (NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 0.1g/mL) and Liquid B (CuSO4 solution with a mass concentration of 0.05g/mL) of Fehling's reagent should be mixed evenly in equal amounts and prepared for immediate use. )

2. Detection and observation of fat

Note: (1) When peanut seeds are used as experimental materials, they must be soaked 3-4 hours in advance. If the soaking time is short, it will not be easy to slice; if the soaking time is too long, the tissue will be too soft and the cut slices will not be easy to shape.

(2) Cut out slices as thinly as possible, otherwise the cells seen under the microscope overlap and are difficult to observe.

(3) The dyeing time should not be too long; after dyeing, the floating color must be washed away with 50% alcohol by volume.

3. Detection and observation of proteins

Elements and compounds in cells PPT, Part 3: Classroom exercises

1. Sugarcane stems taste particularly sweet, and the compound most abundant in its cells is ( )

A. Protein B. Carbohydrate C. Lipid D. Water

2. The following elements are present in small amounts in organisms, but are essential for maintaining normal life activities of organisms ( )

A.Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu B. Zn, Cu, Mg, Ca

C.Zn, Mg, B, Mn D.Mg, Mn, Cu, Mo

3. Which of the following sets of reagents must be heated during use ( )

A. In the process of using Fehling's reagent to identify soluble reducing sugars

B. Use Sudan III stain to identify fat in animal tissues

C. When using biuret reagent to identify proteins

D. When identifying starch with iodine solution

4. The correct way to add biuret reagent when identifying protein samples is ( )

A. Add liquid A first, mix and then add liquid B, shake well and observe

B． Add solution B first, then add solution A after mixing, shake well and observe

C. Add A and B after mixing, shake well and observe

D. Add liquid A and B to the sample liquid at the same time, shake well and observe

5. Which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. Watermelon juice is rich in glucose and fructose and can be used as an alternative material for the identification of reducing sugars.

B. When identifying fat, small particles stained yellow by Sudan IV can be observed in the cells.

C. Biuret reagent B solution is 0.01g/mlCuSO4 solution

D. When identifying reducing sugars, first add solution A of Fehling's reagent, shake well, and then add solution B.

Keywords: Free download of the PPT courseware for high school biology compulsory course 1 from the People's Education Press, PPT download of elements and compounds in cells, PPT download of molecules that make up cells, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "Molecules Composing Cells Elements and Compounds in Cells", please click the Molecules Composing Cells ppt Elements and Compounds in Cells ppt tag.

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