"Elements Composing Matter" PPT courseware on the composition of matter

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"Elements Composing Matter" PPT courseware on the composition of matter

Broadening your horizons: Elements and atomic numbers

1. In chemistry, atoms of the same type with the same nuclear charge (ie, the number of protons) are collectively called elements. For example: all atoms with a nuclear charge of 1 are collectively called hydrogen elements; all atoms with a nuclear charge of 6 are collectively called carbon elements; all atoms with a nuclear charge of 8 are collectively called oxygen elements, etc.

2. In chemistry, elements are numbered according to the nuclear charge of their atoms. This number is called the atomic number. For example: if the nuclear charge of a nitrogen atom is 7, then the atomic number is 7; if the nuclear charge of a sulfur atom is 16, then the atomic number is 16, etc.

Friendly reminder: The type of element is only related to the nuclear charge number of the element atom (i.e. the number of protons), and has nothing to do with the number of neutrons and electrons of the element atom. Therefore, we can say that the type of element is determined by the nuclear charge of the atom (i.e., the number of protons); or that the type of element is determined by the nuclear charge of the atom (i.e., the number of protons).

What do the element symbols mean?

1. Macroscopic meaning: represents an element;

2. Microscopic meaning: represents an atom of the element.

Friendly reminder: If there is a coefficient other than 1 in front of the element symbol, it can only represent the number of atoms of the corresponding element.

Example 1: “N” represents both nitrogen element and 1 nitrogen atom; 2N can only represent 2 nitrogen atoms

Example 2: Macroscopic meaning: represents oxygen element; microscopic meaning: represents an oxygen atom.

practise:

1. The symbol representing 4 hydrogen atoms is ( )

A. 4H2 B. 4H

C.2H2 D.H4

2. Use chemical symbols to express or tell the meaning of the symbols:

(1) O: __________; __________.

(2) 4S: __________.

(3) n sodium atoms: __________.

(4) One fluorine atom: __________.

Classification of elements

element

Metal elements, such as iron, copper, silver, etc.

Non-metallic elements, such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.

Note: Chinese names of elements often include words next to "钅" to represent metallic elements (except "mercury"), and words with "qi" next to "氵" or "石" to represent non-metallic elements.

practise:

Determine which type of elements each of the following elements belongs to:

Fluorine (F) Silver (Ag) Potassium (K) Chlorine (Cl)

Hydrogen (H) Calcium (Ca) Phosphorus (P) Manganese (Mn)

metal element:__________;

Non-metallic elements: __________.

Homework:

1. The essential difference between one element and another element is ( )

A. Different atomic masses B. Different number of protons

C. The number of electrons outside the nucleus is different. D. The number of neutrons is different.

2. Scientists have discovered a new atom with the same number of protons as a hydrogen atom, but one more neutron than a hydrogen atom. The correct statement about this atom is ( )

A. Belongs to a new element

B. Atoms identical to hydrogen atoms

C. is another atom of hydrogen element

D. Atoms of a different type from hydrogen

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"Elements Composing Matter" PPT download:

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"Elements Composing Matter" PPT courseware:

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Update Time: 2024-10-21

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Hunan Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 1 industry PPT template

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