E-education edition Chinese language for grade 4, volume 1

"Bo Ya Broken the Qin" PPT courseware

Part One: First Reading Perception

1. Background information

Boya

Boya was a senior official of the Jin State during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. He was a famous harp player during the Spring and Autumn Period. He was good at playing the guqin (a "qin", not a "zither"). His skills were so superb that he was respected as the "Qin Fairy". The story of Yu Boya playing the harp and meeting his bosom friend is a story that happened on his way back to China after visiting relatives. This story was first handed down orally among the people, and there is no exact record in history.

Mountains and flowing water

Ancient Qin music, during the Warring States Period, there were already stories about Qin music about high mountains and flowing water, so "High Mountains and Flowing Water" was also passed down, which was written by Boya. "High Mountain" and "Flowing Water" are music mentioned in all the legends describing the relationship between Boya and Zhong Ziqi. If you visit the Guqin Terrace in Hanyang, you will find that on the two circular arches, they read "Mountains" and "Flowing Waters". Nowadays, there is also a score book of "High Mountains and Flowing Waters" based on "Bo Ya Gu Gu Qin Meets a Friend", which includes Qin music and Zheng music. The two songs have the same name but completely different styles.

2. Word integration

diligent

Meaning of the word ① Do as much as possible or do it continuously; ② Many times, often.

Group of words diligent(hard-working)(diligence)(thrifty)(diligence)

Character identification kan (exploration) (reconnaissance) (errata) (correction)

Application We should develop the good habit of thrift from an early age.

pottery

Literal meaning: ① metaphor for education and training; ② making pottery.

Group of words Tao (edifying) (intoxicated) (pottery) (Taoranting)

Identify the word grape (grape) (raisin) (wine)

The use of music can cultivate people's sentiments.

Word explanation - learn it

Good at: Having expertise in something.

Exquisite: Exquisite and wonderful.

Intoxication: Satisfactorily immersed in a certain state or ideological activity.

Weiwei: describes the tallness and majesty of a mountain or building.

Surging: describes waves crashing into each other.

Sensing emotion: Being touched by the scene at that time and producing some kind of emotion.

Pangtuo: describes the heavy rain.

Landslide: Mountains collapse and the earth splits. Describes loud noises or dramatic changes.

3. Overall perception

(1) Read the text and try to fill it in.

"Bo Ya Broken the Qin" tells the story of Boya who studied with the luthier Chenglian for three years. After receiving the guidance of the teacher, his qin skills reached a superb level, but he broke the qin due to the death of his close friend. It shows Boya's love for his friends. subperiod(). It also tells us: () is difficult to encounter. If you have (), you must understand ().

(2)Special sentences

From where in the text can we feel that Boya and Zhong Ziqi are close friends? Find related words and phrases.

(1) Once, Boya played a piece of music about mountains, and Zhong Ziqi immediately said excitedly: "What a majestic mountain! I feel like I have climbed Mount Tai, and I can feel the majestic power personally!" "

(2) Boya played a piece of music describing flowing water. Zhong Ziqi couldn't help but admire it: "What a rolling river! The river is surging and surging, how spectacular it is!"

(3) One day, Boya and Zhong Ziqi went out to play, and it suddenly started raining heavily. Boya was moved by the scenery and played music to express his feelings. The sound of the music sometimes represents heavy rain, sometimes the roar of the wind, and sometimes the sound of landslides. Zhong Ziqi listened and explained the meaning of the sound one by one.

Because Zhong Ziqi understood what Boya was thinking, isn't this a close friend?

(3) Main idea of ​​the paragraph

Read the text and divide it into paragraphs like this:

1. Boya developed superb piano skills. (①~③)

2. Boya became a close friend during his childhood. (④)

3. Ziqi died, and Boya broke his qin. (⑤)

Bo Ya Broken the Qin PPT, Part 2: Read the text again

Read the text and think about the questions.

1. How did Boya develop his superb piano skills?

Boya studied hard and practiced hard, striving for perfection in his piano skills. Under the guidance of his teacher, he came to the fairyland-like Penglai Mountain. The beautiful scenery here made him intoxicated. He fell in love with the scene and couldn't help but use the sound of the piano to express his emotions. At this moment, He poured all his emotions into the music, and his piano skills gradually became more sophisticated.

2. "The sound of the music sometimes represents heavy rain, sometimes the roar of the wind, and sometimes the sound of landslides." Will removing the underlined words affect the expression of the sentence?

will affect. The three "sometimes" show the variety of Boya's piano sounds, from which we can see Boya's superb piano skills, and we can understand from reading aloud that parallel sentences can better express the tone and emotion.

3. Why are "heavy rain", "roaring wind" and "landslide and earth splitting" used to describe Boya's music in paragraph 4?

The "sound of music" can be heard and imagined, but it is very abstract to express. The author uses a parallel sentence to express the music from the perspective of sound. We can't hear the music played by Boya, but from words describing the sound such as "heavy rain, roaring wind, landslides and earth shattering", we can truly feel Boya's superb piano skills and the intensity of emotions expressed in the music. .

4. "Bo Ya put down his qin and said movedly: 'Ziqi, you are really my soulmate.'" Why is "moved" used here instead of "excited"?

Mainly because it’s hard to find a close friend! Because Boya's piano skills have reached a superb level, it is rare for anyone to understand it. But now, his soulmate is right in front of him, and he is no longer alone, so Boya is very moved.

Boya Broken Qin PPT, the third part: intensive reading of the text

Why did Boya regard Ziqi as his "close friend"? Find relevant sentences from the text and analyze them.

Because Ziqi could understand all the emotions Boya wanted to express in the sound of the piano. The text specifically lists three examples, namely "mountain", "flowing water" and "raining scene", and specifically explains Zhong Ziqi's ability to "listen well".

(1) Once, Boya played a piece of music about mountains, and Zhong Ziqi immediately said excitedly: "What a majestic mountain! I feel like I have climbed Mount Tai, and I can feel the majestic power personally!" "

When Boya played a song about the mountains, Ziqi admired the majesty of the mountains.

(2) Boya played a piece of music describing flowing water. Zhong Ziqi couldn't help but admire it: "What a rolling river! The river is surging and surging, how spectacular it is!"

When Boya played a song describing flowing water, Zhong Ziqi admired the turbulence of flowing water;

(3) One day, Boya and Zhong Ziqi went out to play, and it suddenly started raining heavily. Boya was moved by the scenery and played music to express his feelings. The sound of the music sometimes represents heavy rain, sometimes the roar of the wind, and sometimes the sound of landslides. Zhong Ziqi listened and explained the meaning of the sound one by one. Boya put down his qin and said movedly: "Ziqi, you are truly my soulmate! You can understand all the feelings I want to express in the sound of the qin."

Boya was inspired to play music in the rain, and Ziqi heard the music and explained the meaning of the music one by one. What a rare friend!

Boya Broken Qin PPT, Part 4: Interactive Feedback

After reading the text, think about it, what principle does this article tell?

It's hard to find a close friend, so Boya cherished the time he spent with Zhong Ziqi. When Zhong Ziqi passed away, Boya broke the strings and threw the piano, showing his loyalty to his friend. A close friend is hard to come by. If we have a close friend, we must know how to cherish it.

Imitation training

Original sentence of the text:

The sound of the music sometimes represents heavy rain, sometimes the roar of the wind, and sometimes the sound of landslides.

Can you write a sentence following this pattern?

Tip: This is a parallel sentence. "Sometimes" means "sometimes."

Example: Look at the monkeys in the zoo. Sometimes they jump onto the rockery, sometimes they climb onto tree trunks, sometimes they ask tourists for food, and sometimes they race against the sun lazily. They are so lively and cute!

Boya breaks the piano PPT, the fifth part: training in class

1. Choose the correct pronunciation for the dotted words and put a "√".

Insect chirping (míｎｇmín) emotion (gǎi ｋkǎi)

Heavy rain (pāｎｇpáｎｇ)

Good at (shàn sàn) long strings (xuán xián)

Can't help myself (jīn jìn)

2. Add different radicals to the following words to form new words and then form words.

ｑíｎ ｌáｏ ｘīｎ ｗｈǎngｇ ｔàｉ ｔshāｎ ｆｎ ｋｉè

( )( ) ( )( )

shū

( )( ) ( )( )

3. Which of the following sentences are metaphorical sentences? Put a “√” in the brackets.

1. Penglai Mountain is like a fairyland. ( )

2. Each banyan tree is like a big open green velvet umbrella. The leaves are airtight and can block the sun, wind and rain. ( )

3. I felt like I had climbed Mount Tai and felt the majestic spirit personally! ( )

4. The phoenix tree bloomed so lively that the town seemed to be shrouded in red clouds ( )

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