"Ecosystem and Ecological Balance" PPT courseware

"Ecosystem and Ecological Balance" PPT courseware

Part One: Learning Objectives

1. Understand the author's relevant knowledge, memorize the key words in the article, and perceive the overall content of the article.

2. Appreciate the accurate and scientific language of the article, and master the explanation methods and their functions in the article.

3. Understand the importance of ecological balance, enhance environmental awareness, and care for nature.

Ecosystem and ecological balance PPT, part 2: Introduction to the author

Hou Xueyu (1912-1991), a native of He County, Anhui Province, was an ecologist and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is one of the founders of plant ecology in China. He founded China's first plant ecology research laboratory, conducted in-depth research on plant communities, vegetation mapping, plant ecology, etc. and made great achievements. He is the author of "Vegetation of China" and so on.

Ecosystem and ecological balance PPT, the third part: phonetic notation of key words

Cycle (xún) trend (qū) decline (shuāi)

Obstacle (ài) rot (fǔ) steep (dǒu)

Conservation (hán) plunder (lüè) locust (huáng)

Rampant (chāng) overcrowding (làn) swamp (zhǎo)

Explanation of key words

【Cycle】Things move or change over and over again.

[Indicator] The goal specified in the plan.

[Disorder] Loss of balance; improper deployment.

[Reproduction] Organisms produce new individuals for generation.

【Logging】 Cut down trees in the forest and collect wood.

【Conservation】 Accumulate and maintain (moisture, etc.).

Ecosystem and ecological balance PPT, part 4: overall perception

The first part (paragraphs 1 and 2) explains that the ecosystem maintains balance in dynamics, and points out the importance of maintaining ecological balance from both positive and negative aspects.

The second part (paragraphs 3 to 6) uses forest ecosystems and grassland ecosystems as examples to illustrate the importance of maintaining ecological balance and the serious consequences of destroying ecological balance.

Part 3 (paragraphs 7 and 8). In nature, every component in forests, grasslands and other ecosystems is interconnected and restricts each other. We must pay attention to maintaining ecological balance.

Ecosystem and ecological balance PPT, Part 5: Getting into the text

1. The first two paragraphs of the article explain from both pros and cons. What is the purpose?

The contrast between the positive and negative aspects illustrates the benefits of maintaining ecological balance and the consequences of destroying ecological balance, highlights the importance of maintaining ecological balance, and leads to further explanation below.

2. What explanation methods are mainly used in the third paragraph? what's the effect?

for example. Taking the removal of fallen leaves and the large-scale elimination of birds and other insectivores as examples that will destroy the ecological balance of the forest, the possible factors that destroy the ecological balance of the forest are explained in detail to facilitate readers' understanding.

3. What explanation methods are mainly used in the fourth paragraph? What problem does it illustrate?

Give examples and cite information. It explains how to harvest forests without destroying the ecological balance of the forest.

4. Based on the content of the text, how do you think people should cut down forests in our country?

Selective logging should be adopted, and cutting should be combined with tending and renewal. Predatory logging should not be carried out, and the method of "eating fat meat and chewing bones" should not be adopted. In the mountain valleys upstream of the river, where the terrain is steep, especially on overhanging rock cliffs, it is best to stop logging. Forests that are the main water sources of rivers and areas that are conducive to soil and water conservation and water source conservation should be strictly protected.

5. What explanation methods are mainly used in the fifth paragraph? what's the effect?

Give examples and make comparisons. Taking the role of voles in grassland ecosystems as an example, we compare the maintenance and destruction of grassland ecological balance, specifically explain the factors that affect grassland ecological balance, and further clarify the importance of maintaining ecological balance.

Ecosystem and ecological balance PPT, part six: writing features

1. The language is accurate and scientific.

The language of this article is accurate and scientific, which is mainly reflected in the use of some modifying and restrictive words, such as "Under normal circumstances, because there are natural enemies of eagles and weasels on the grassland, the number of voles is usually maintained at a certain level to avoid causing disasters." The "under normal circumstances" description does not exclude special circumstances and makes the language expression consistent with the actual situation. "As far as the grassland ecosystem is concerned, voles are one of the indispensable components of the grassland ecosystem" "Some" in "It also plays the role of loosening soil and can promote its growth and prosperity" also reflect the accuracy and scientific nature of the language of the article.

2. The structure of “total-point-total”.

The article adopts the structure of "total-point-total". First, the importance of maintaining ecological balance is briefly explained; then, the forest ecosystem and grassland ecosystem are taken as examples to elaborate on it; finally, a general summary is made and the conclusion is drawn: Whether it is a natural ecosystem or an artificially created ecosystem, Pay attention to maintaining its own ecological balance.

Ecosystem and ecological balance PPT, Part 7: Class summary

This article introduces relevant knowledge about ecosystems and ecological balance. By citing two specific examples of forest ecosystem and grassland ecosystem, it illustrates the importance of maintaining ecological balance. It also warns us that we should follow the laws of nature, rationally develop and utilize natural resources, and pay attention to maintaining ecological balance.

Ecosystem and ecological balance PPT, Part 8: Classroom practice

1. Which of the following sentences uses incorrect punctuation marks ()

A. The number of insects in the forest can generally remain normal. It is precisely because birds and other animals eat them and are automatically controlled that they will not breed too much and cause disasters.

B. Under normal circumstances, because there are eagles and weasels as their natural enemies on the grassland, the number of voles is usually maintained at a certain level and will not cause disaster.

C. Rats can also eat locusts on grasslands, and can also loosen the soil of certain types of grasslands (such as Leymus chinensis grassland), promoting their growth and prosperity.

D. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, there have been two incidents of overcrowding and uncontrolled reclamation. As a result, as local herdsmen said: "Food cannot grow and the pastures have been destroyed."

2. The most appropriate order of the following sentences is ( )

①If you destroy the natural ecological balance, you will inevitably receive a series of punishments.

② In short, in nature, no matter forests, grasslands, deserts, lakes, or swamps, they are composed of biological components such as animals, plants, and microorganisms, and non-biological components such as light, water, soil, air, and heat.

③ Moreover, each component does not exist in isolation, but is interconnected and restricted to form a unified, indivisible natural comprehensive system.

④ Looking at one component in isolation can easily lead to one-sidedness. Various components must be connected and viewed as a comprehensive whole.

⑤This is an overall ecological balance.

A.①③⑤④②B.①④②③⑤ C.⑤①②③④D.②③⑤④①

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"Ecosystem and Ecological Balance" PPT:

"Ecosystem and Ecological Balance" PPT Part One: Target Navigation 1. Perceive the full text as a whole and continue to train the ability to extract useful information. 2. Understand the main content of the article and understand the expression and meaning of key sentences. 3. Understand the importance of ecological balance and cultivate...