"Economy and Technology in the Two Song Dynasties (Part 2)" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 2

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"Economy and Technology in the Two Song Dynasties (Part 2)" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 2

Research point: The southward shift of the economic center of gravity

1. As can be seen from the table, what changes occurred in population distribution during the Northern Song Dynasty? What are the main reasons for the change?

The South is more populous than the North. There were fewer wars in the south, and northerners moved south in large numbers.

2. Group discussion: What are the reasons for the southward shift of the economic center of gravity?

Since the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, there have been many wars in the north, while the south has been relatively stable. A large number of people from the north have moved south, further promoting the economic development of the south.

3. What is the manifestation of the southward shift of the economic center of gravity?

(1) Agriculture: During the Southern Song Dynasty, Suzhou and Huzhou became the main rice-producing areas, with output ranking first in the country. The proverb "When Suhu and Lake are ripe, the world is full" shows that the Taihu Lake Basin has become the national granary.

(2) Textile industry: In the Song Dynasty, the government-run brocade academies located in Suzhou, Hangzhou, and Chengdu each had thousands of craftsmen.

(3) Shipbuilding industry: The shipbuilding industries of Guangzhou and Quanzhou were at the leading level in the world at that time.

Results: By the Song Dynasty, the economic aggregate of the South exceeded that of the North and became the main source of national fiscal revenue. The economic center of gravity had shifted from the Yellow River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin.

Research points: The invention and use of printing, gunpowder, and the compass

What are my country's four great inventions? Please indicate the corresponding stamp respectively.

① Papermaking; ② Compass;

③Gunpowder; ④Printing.

1.Bi invented movable type printing

During the Song Taizu period, the official government presided over the engraving of the Tripitaka, which took 12 years and 130,000 engraving plates. After printing, the engravings piled up like mountains.

At that time, engravers could only carve forty or fifty words a day, and a book of 60,000 words would take three to four years to finish.

(1) Considering the materials, can you talk about the limitations of woodblock printing? Can you think of a technology more advanced than block printing?

(2) The invention of movable type printing (four hundred years earlier than Europe)

(3) Four processes in movable type printing:

Engraving single characters, typesetting, printing and splitting

(Bi's movable type printing) If it is not easy to print only three or two sheets, but it is extremely fast if it is to print hundreds of thousands of copies. ——Shen Kuo: "Mengxi Bi Tan"

(4) Thinking: What are the advantages of movable type printing?

It saves time, effort, materials, money, flexible access, convenient replacement, and high efficiency.

Two "changes": changing dead characters into movable characters, and changing dead characters into movable characters

2. The invention of the compass and gunpowder and their spread to the West

The invention and use of gunpowder

(1) There are records of gunpowder formulas in the Tang Dynasty

(2) Weapons using gunpowder began to be manufactured at the end of the Tang Dynasty, and were widely used in the military during the Song Dynasty.

(3) In the 13th century, gunpowder and gunpowder weapons were introduced to Arabia and then to Europe

(4) The emergence of firearms heralded the arrival of the era of hot weapons.

What impact did the invention of gunpowder have on the military?

①Leading to the emergence of a large number of gunpowder weapons;

② Reformed the combat methods, which is a progress in the history of world weapons;

③ Increased the destructiveness and cruelty of war.

The invention and use of the compass

(1) Sinan was invented during the Warring States Period

(2) Compasses made of artificial magnets appeared in the Northern Song Dynasty.

(3) In the 12th century, the compass was introduced to Europe through the Arabs, promoting the development of world navigation.

1. "When Suhu is mature, the world is sufficient" indicates that the country's economic center of gravity has shifted, and its direction is ( ).

A. Transfer from the Yellow River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin

B. Transfer from the Yangtze River Basin to the Yellow River Basin

C. Transfer from the Yangtze River Basin to the Pearl River Basin

D. Transfer from the Pearl River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin

2. The economic center of gravity in ancient my country experienced a process of shifting from north to south, which was finally completed in the Southern Song Dynasty. Regarding the reasons for the economic development of the South during this period, which of the following statements is incorrect ( ).

A. The south is governed by ethnic minorities and has clear politics.

B. There are relatively few wars in the South

C. Northerners moved southward and brought advanced technology

D. The south has superior natural conditions

3. The compass is used in navigation ( )

A. Tang Dynasty B. Northern Song Dynasty

C.Southern Song Dynasty D.Yuan Dynasty

4. The first person to record the preparation of gunpowder was ( )

A. Tang Xuanzang's "Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty"

B． Sun Simiao's "A Thousand Gold Prescriptions"

C. The Tang government compiled "Tang Materia Medica"

D. Jia Sixie's "Essential Techniques for Elevating the People"

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"Economy and Technology in the Two Song Dynasties (Part 2)" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 3:

"Economy and Technology in the Two Song Dynasties (Part 2)" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the Two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 3 The southward shift of the economic center of gravity Conditions for the development of agriculture in the south: 1. Since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, there have been many wars in the north, while the south has been relatively stable. A large number of people from the north moved southward, further...

"Economy and Technology in the Two Song Dynasties (Part 2)" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware:

"Economy and Technology in the Two Song Dynasties (Part 2)" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the Two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 1. The southward shift of the economic center of gravity 1. Reasons 2. Overview 3. Time of completion 2. The invention of printing, gunpowder, and the compass and use 1. Invent movable type printing 2...

"Economy and Technology in the Two Song Dynasties (Part 1)" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 2:

"Economy and Technology in the Two Song Dynasties (Part 1)" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes and social changes in the two Song Dynasties PPT courseware 2 Agricultural progress During the two Song Dynasties, agricultural tools and farming technology have made significant progress. The Song Dynasty invented new agricultural tools such as the rice and horse function : Promoted the use of water to irrigate fields..

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Update Time: 2024-09-11

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