"Economic and Social Development of Western Europe" PPT courseware

Description

"Economic and Social Development of Western Europe" PPT courseware

Part One: Situation Import:

In 476 AD, the Western Roman Empire fell and Western Europe entered the Middle Ages, forming a strict hierarchy and feudal manor economy. But by the late Middle Ages, the feudal manor economy was in decline, and European society entered a period of transformation. The original feudal vassal system and the manor system had undergone major changes. In what ways are these changes manifested? What impact will it have on the future development of Europe?

Economic and social development of Western Europe PPT, part 2: exploration

Exploration 1. The emergence of new production and management methods

1. Changes in the manor economy of Western Europe

(1) First, the area of ​​cultivated land continues to expand;

After the 11th century, reclamation movements were carried out in various parts of the European countryside. A large amount of woodland, wasteland, and swamps were developed, and the land area gradually expanded. Some reclamations were organized by lords, and most were spontaneously reclaimed by farmers. The reclamators became the new owners of these areas. They Farm on their own terms while emulating autonomous cities as a region with independent judicial and administrative autonomy

(2) Followed by the increase in free labor:

The increase in free labor resulted from changes in the relationship between serfs and lords

Discussion: How did the relationship between serfs and lords change after the 11th century?

Serfs could use currency to purchase immunity from labor and no longer provide labor for the lord, thereby gaining free control of their own labor force;

By paying the migration tax, you can get the opportunity to leave the manor and get rid of the personal shackles of the lord. The personal dependence of serfs on their lords became weaker and weaker, and the personal freedom of serfs was greatly enhanced.

2. The emergence of land-renting farms

(1) Reason

① The small plots of land under the manor system are increasingly unsuitable for new production and management activities.

②Some lords are not good at management,

③Land concentration has become a trend.

(2) The formation of land-renting farms:

① In some places, lords gathered land together and rented it out through transfer, marriage, inheritance, sale, etc. The lords lived on land rent and no longer participated in production management.

② Some wealthy farmers pooled their land and established land-renting farms by renting or purchasing land from lords, or subletting or purchasing the real estate of other tenants.

③Adopt new production methods to operate, hire farmers with little or no land to farm, and bring products to the market.

3. Changes in manual workshops

(1) What changes (characteristics) occurred in the development of handicraft industry in the late Middle Ages?

On the one hand, handicraftsmen are gradually breaking away from agriculture; on the other hand, they no longer produce just for their own livelihood, but work more to adapt to the market. Craftsmen set up workshops, and their families, helpers and apprentices work together to produce on a relatively small scale.

(2) In order to pay feudal taxes, farmers used their own production tools at home to engage in manual production for merchants. What does this reflect about the state of rural handicraft workshops at that time? What changed later?

Concentrated manual workshops

Merchants not only provide raw materials to workers, but also provide unified production tools. Workers become wage laborers who completely sell their labor power and form a complete employment relationship with their employers. Since production tools are uniformly equipped, workers often need to work together in the same location, thus forming centralized manual workshops. The division of labor and cooperation among hired workers further improved labor productivity.

4. The significance of the emergence of new production and management methods

Changes in land relations and the development of handicrafts promoted the gradual capitalistization of agricultural and handicraft production organizations and began to change the overall appearance of medieval European society.

Exploration 2. Wealthy farmers and citizen classes—changes in social structure

1 Changes in rural social structure

Some wealthy farmers were originally the heads of a certain manor, responsible for managing the production and other affairs of the manor for the lord. They have strong management capabilities and rich experience in agricultural production. As agriculture developed and money rent replaced labor rent, it became increasingly common for peasants to pay money to their lords. Farmers' enthusiasm for production has increased, and a group of wealthy farmers have stood out based on the general accumulation of wealth. They are important participants in the land market. In France, they occupy 1/5 of the total area, and even 1/3 in some areas.

What changes in the countryside do the materials reflect?

Reflects changes in rural social structure. These wealthy farmers, knights, and squires became a vibrant class force in the countryside and were the earliest initiators of modern agriculture.

2. The emergence of the citizen class

Material 1 In the city, craftsmen and merchants enjoy the rights conferred by the new contractual relationship.

Material 2 In the 13th and 14th centuries, the citizen class in Britain, France and other countries, as the third estate, attended meetings convened by the king and constantly put forward their own political opinions.

(1) In Material 1, what is the new identity of craftsmen and businessmen? How is their legal status protected?

city ​​dweller

Protected by royal, ecclesiastical charters and city laws

(2) What problems does Material 2 reflect?

Reflects the improvement of the political status of the citizen class and the expansion of political rights

What is the role of the improvement of the political and economic status of the citizen class?

With the improvement of the status of the civil class in political and economic life, a new concept of secular life gradually formed, which laid the foundation for the Renaissance and religious reform movements that later emerged.

Economic and social development of Western Europe PPT, Part 3 content: Classroom exercises

1. After the 11th century, some new changes occurred in European rural areas, which are reflected in ( )

①Reclamation movements have been carried out in various places

②The colonists become the new owners of the newly reclaimed areas

③The manor gradually declined

④ Land concentration has become a trend

A. ① ② ③

B. ① ② ④

C. ① ③ ④

D. ① ② ③ ④

2. Which of the following statements about the operating characteristics of handicraft industry in the late Middle Ages is wrong ( )

A. Handicraftsmen are gradually leaving agriculture

B. Handicraftsmen work more to adapt to the market

C. The workshops opened by handicraftsmen are relatively large in scale

D. Manual workshops are gradually moving from decentralization to concentration

Keywords: free download of history PPT courseware for the ninth grade of the People's Education Press, Vol. 1, PPT download of the economic and social development of Western Europe, .PPT format;

For more information about the "Economic and Social Development of Western Europe" PPT courseware, please click the "Economic and Social Development of Western Europe ppt" tab.

"Economic and Social Development of Western Europe" PPT download:

"Economic and Social Development in Western Europe" PPT Download Part One: Learning Objectives: 1. Understand the development of the rural reclamation movement in the late Middle Ages, and analyze the reasons for the gradual decline and disintegration of European manors. 2. Be able to summarize the characteristics of land-rented farms and new handicraft industries..

"Economic and Social Development of Western Europe" PPT:

"Economic and Social Development in Western Europe" PPT Part One Content: Learning Objectives 1. Understand the changing process of rural land relations in the late Middle Ages and how leasehold farms were established; Understand the development and changes of handicraft industry and the formation process of handicraft workshops; 2. Understand land close..

File Info

Update Time: 2024-10-30

This template belongs to History courseware People's Education Press Ninth Grade History Volume 1 industry PPT template

Preview