"Early Colonial Plunder" PPT

"Early Colonial Plunder" PPT

Part One: Portuguese and Spanish colonial plunder

1. Background: In the late Middle Ages, the commodity economy in Western Europe was unprecedentedly prosperous, and it was necessary to expand markets, promote products, and find raw materials.

2. The first countries to colonize: Portugal and Spain

Reason: When Portugal and Spain opened the Xi'an route, they basically controlled the new route.

3. Portugal (controls the route from Africa to India)

Colonial scope: Asia, Africa, Latin America

Colonial method: Established colonial strongholds and trading stations. Such as Brazil, Goa, India, Malacca and Macau, China.

Means: Use Portuguese handicrafts in exchange for ivory, pearls, gems and spices in the hands of locals, and even rob locals of their gold.

4. Spain (controls routes to America)

Colonial scope: Americas

Colonial method: Use the "Invincible Fleet" to establish a large colonial empire in the Americas.

Means: colonial invasion. They used force to force Indians to mine gold and silver mines for free, and also developed plantations locally, forcing Indians and black people to work as slaves on the plantations.

Bad impact: Spanish colonists enslaved and killed Indians, resulting in a shortage of labor in the Americas. They trafficked large numbers of black people from Africa to the Americas to work as slaves, and started the criminal slave trade.

Early colonial plunder PPT, part 2: British colonial expansion

1. Background: In the 16th century, with the establishment of the capitalist mode of production, the British handicraft industry, especially the woolen textile industry, developed rapidly, prompting Britain to explore overseas markets.

2. Premise: Defeat the Spanish "Invincible Fleet" and gradually become the maritime overlord.

3. Colonial activities: Colonies were established in North America. Establish large plantations in North America to produce flowers, tobacco, indigo, sugar and other raw materials needed by British industry. Engaged in selling African slaves.

4. The evil “triangular trade”

The slave trade was the darkest episode in human history and brought huge disasters to Africa. The huge profits gained from the "triangular trade" were continuously converted into capital, accelerating the primitive accumulation of capital and promoting the industrial revolution. Therefore, almost all countries in Europe with developed maritime transport participated in this trade. Britain gradually became the world's largest slave trader by virtue of its strength.

Early colonial plunder PPT, part three: Dutch, French and British colonial hegemony (17th century)

Netherlands

①Background: Once controlled all trade in the Baltic Sea, India and America, known as the "Sea Coachman"

②Establishment of colonies:

Invasion of the Indonesian island of Java

Captured Malacca and Ceylon from the Portuguese

Once occupied Taiwan, China

Founded a colony at the Cape of Good Hope in Africa

Founded the colony of New Netherland in North America

France established French colonies in North America, Africa and Asia.

Three Kingdoms Struggle for Hegemony

①Background: Fighting for colonies and world markets in America, Africa, and Asia

②Process: Starting from the second half of the 17th century, a series of wars occurred between Britain, the Netherlands, and France.

③Result: Britain defeated the Netherlands and France, seized large colonies around the world, and called itself the "Empire on which the Sun Never Sets."

Influence

Objectively, it helped the primitive accumulation of capital in European colonial countries and the gradual formation of the world market, but it also brought serious disasters to the colonial people. During this period, European culture spread to the colonies and had a profound impact on the development of colonial society.

Early colonial plunder PPT, part 4: expansion and extension

What is primitive accumulation of capital? How to understand?

The so-called primitive accumulation of capital refers to the process of separating producers from the means of production through violence and other illegal means before the establishment of the capitalist mode of production, so that the means of production are gathered in the hands of a few people. It should be understood from the following aspects.

(1) The emerging bourgeoisie and new aristocracy use violent means to force small producers to separate from the means of production and accumulate capital. On the one hand, it concentrates the means of social production in the hands of a few people, and on the other hand, it transforms a large number of producers into wage workers, preparing the prerequisites for the capitalist mode of production. The enclosure movement in England is an example.

(2) Use force to conquer colonies, rob gold and silver property, trade slaves and other early colonial methods to amass wealth. For example, the slave trade in the 16th century.

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"Early Colonial Plunder" PPT courseware:

The first part of the PPT courseware "Early Colonial Looting": The colonial rule of Latin America by the colonists The plunder of Latin America by the colonists Engels said: The word gold is the spell that drove the Spaniards to cross the Atlantic to the Americas, and gold is the word that white people first set foot on. A new hair...